A C112019 Surgical Site Infection Surgical Site Infection An infection that occurs at a surgical site within 30 days after an operation. An infection that occurs after surgery in the part of the body where surgery was performed. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C112181 Tinea Infection Tinea Infection A skin infection caused by a fungus. A skin infection caused by a fungus. C26726 Infectious Disorder C3371 Skin Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C113669 Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Infection Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Infection BCGosis|Disseminated BCGitis|Disseminated Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Infection A rare systemic and life-threatening infection associated with vaccination with the live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, bacillus Calmette-Guerin. A systemic and life-threatening infection associated with vaccination with the live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, Bacillus Calmette-Guerin. C2890 Bacterial Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C113671 Vaccine-Associated Paralytic Poliomyelitis Vaccine-Associated Paralytic Poliomyelitis OPV associated Paralytic Poliomyelitis|VAPP A rare, paralytic poliomyelitis associated with the orally administered live attenuated strain of the poliovirus, OPV. A paralytic poliomyelitis syndrome associated with the orally administered live attenuated strain of the poliovirus, OPV. C2959 Complication C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C115164 Nosocomial Infection Nosocomial Infection HAI|Healthcare-Associated Infection|Hospital-Acquired Infection|Hospital-Onset Infection An infection acquired in a hospital or other healthcare setting. An infection acquired in a hospital or other healthcare setting. C26726 Infectious Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C115165 Sialitis Sialitis Sialadenitis Inflammation of the salivary glands. Inflammation of the salivary glands. C2990 Gastrointestinal Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C115248 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection A bacterial infection that is caused by Staphylococcus aureus and is resistant to methicillin treatment. A bacterial infection that is caused by Staphylococcus aureus and is resistant to methicillin treatment. C2890 Bacterial Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C116003 Streptococcal Pharyngitis Streptococcal Pharyngitis Strep Throat Inflammation of the throat due to Streptococcus pyogenes. Inflammation of the throat due to Streptococcus pyogenes. C2890 Bacterial Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C116007 Epiglottitis Epiglottitis Supraglottitis Inflammation of the epiglottis. Inflammation of the epiglottis. C26871 Respiratory System Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C116808 Invasive Listeriosis Invasive Listeriosis A bacterial infection by Listeria monocytogenes in a sterile body compartment. A bacterial infection by Listeria monocytogenes in a sterile body compartment. C2890 Bacterial Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C116809 Disseminated Listeriosis Disseminated Listeriosis A bacterial infection by Listeria monocytogenes in two or more non-contiguous sterile body compartments. A bacterial infection by Listeria monocytogenes in two or more non-contiguous sterile body compartments. C2890 Bacterial Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C116817 Neonatal Chlamydia Conjunctivitis Chlamydial Conjunctivitis Inclusion Conjunctivitis|Trachoma Inflammation of the conjunctiva in a newborn due to Chlamydia trachomatis which was acquired during labor and delivery. Inflammation of the conjunctiva in a newborn due to Chlamydia trachomatis which was acquired during labor and delivery. C34504 Conjunctivitis C99231 Neonatal Infectious Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C116973 Bacterial Vaginosis Bacterial Vaginosis BV Infection caused by bacterial overgrowth in the vagina. Most affected women are asymptomatic. When symptoms occur, they include foul-smelling vaginal discharge, vaginal itching, and burning. Risk factors include sexual activity with multiple partners and the use of vaginal douches and intrauterine devices. Up to a third of cases resolve without treatment. Antibiotic treatment is recommended when symptoms are present and for women that are pregnant at the time of infection. Bacterial overgrowth in the vagina that may be asymptomatic or that may cause foul-smelling vaginal discharge, vaginal itching, and burning. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C117984 Pediatric Infectious Disorder Pediatric Infectious Disease An infectious disorder that occurs during infancy, childhood, or adolescence. An infectious disease that occurs in infancy, childhood, or adolescence. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C118297 Bacterial Meningitis Bacterial Meningitis Inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord due to a bacterial infection. Inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord due to a bacterial infection. C2890 Bacterial Infection C26828 Meningitis C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C122523 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia Pneumonia that is caused by Staphylococcus aureus and is resistant to methicillin treatment. Pneumonia that is caused by Staphylococcus aureus and is resistant to methicillin treatment. C2890 Bacterial Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C122526 Mycoplasmal Pneumonia Mycoplasmal Pneumonia Pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Signs and symptoms include productive cough, fever, chills, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Signs and symptoms include productive cough, fever, chills, shortness of breath, and chest pain. C2890 Bacterial Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C122576 Staphylococcus aureus Infection Staphylococcus aureus Infection An infectious process in which the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus is present. An infectious process in which the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus is present. C2890 Bacterial Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C123016 Perinephric Abscess Perinephric Abscess An abscess that is located outside the renal capsule, but which is within Gerota's space. An abscess that is located outside the renal capsule, but which is within Gerota's space. C26686 Abscess C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C123017 Renal Abscess Renal Abscess Kidney Abscess An abscess that is located within the renal parenchyma. An abscess that is located within the renal parenchyma. C26686 Abscess C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128168 Contact Transmission Contact Transmission The transmission of an infectious agent via touch. The transmission of an infectious agent via touch. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128169 Direct Transmission Direct Transmission Direct Contact Transmission The transmission of an infectious agent from a source (e.g., person, animal, or surface) to a host without an intermediary. The transmission of an infectious agent from a source (e.g., person, animal, or surface) to a host without an intermediary. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128170 Indirect Transmission Indirect Transmission Indirect Contact Transmission The transmission of an infectious agent from a source to a host through an intermediary such as inanimate objects (vehicles) or living organisms (vectors). The transmission of an infectious agent from a source to a host through an intermediary such as inanimate objects (vehicles) or living organisms (vectors). C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128320 Infection Infection The invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents and their multiplication, as well as the reaction by the host to these organisms and/or toxins that the organisms produce. The invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents and their multiplication, as well as the reaction by the host to these organisms and/or toxins that the organisms produce. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128322 Peritonsillar Abscess Peritonsillar Abscess An abscess that develops in the space surrounding one or both palatine tonsils. An abscess that develops in the space surrounding one or both palatine tonsils. C90259 Pediatric Terminology Quinsy A C128323 Parapharyngeal Abscess Parapharyngeal Abscess Lateral Pharyngeal Abscess An abscess that develops in the soft tissues of the lateral pharyngeal space. An abscess that develops in the soft tissues of the lateral pharyngeal space. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128324 Retropharyngeal Abscess Retropharyngeal Abscess An abscess that develops in the soft tissues behind the posterior pharyngeal wall. An abscess that develops in the soft tissues behind the posterior pharyngeal wall. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128325 Prevertebral Abscess Prevertebral Abscess An abscess that develops in the tissues within the prevertebral fascia. An abscess that develops in the tissues within the prevertebral fascia. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128326 Intra-abdominal Abscess Intra-abdominal Abscess An abscess within the abdomen. An abscess within the abdomen. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128327 Subdiaphragmatic Abscess Subdiaphragmatic Abscess Subphrenic Abscess An abscess that is located in the anatomical space between the diaphragm and the liver and/or spleen. An abscess that is located in the anatomical space between the diaphragm and the liver and/or spleen. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128328 Mesenteric Abscess Mesenteric Abscess An abscess that is located in any part of the tissue composing the mesentery, and that generally arises from an infection in an adjacent area of the intestine. An abscess that is located in any part of the tissue composing the mesentery, and that generally arises from an infection in an adjacent area of the intestine. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128329 Perihepatic Abscess Perihepatic Abscess An abscess that is located in the anatomical space surrounding the liver, but which is outside of the liver capsule itself. An abscess that is located in the anatomical space surrounding the liver, but which is outside of the liver capsule itself. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128330 Retroperitoneal Abscess Retroperitoneal Abscess An abscess that is located in the abdominal cavity posterior to the peritoneum. An abscess that is located in the abdominal cavity posterior to the peritoneum. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128331 Pelvic Abscess Pelvic Abscess An abscess that is located in the pelvic cavity. An abscess that is located in the pelvic cavity. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128332 Reactive Arthritis Reactive Arthritis A form of inflammatory arthritis that results as a reaction to a bacterial infection outside the joint. A form of inflammatory arthritis that results as a reaction to a bacterial infection outside the joint. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128333 Migratory Arthritis Migratory Arthritis A form of reactive arthritis in which the inflammation moves between joints. A form of reactive arthritis in which the inflammation moves between joints. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128334 Legionellosis Legionellosis Any disease caused by Legionella bacteria. Any disease caused by Legionella bacteria. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128335 Pontiac Fever Pontiac Fever A self-limited, febrile illness without pneumonia that occurs in epidemics, and that is caused by Legionella species. A self-limited, febrile illness without pneumonia that occurs in epidemics, and that is caused by Legionella species. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128336 Melioidosis Melioidosis Whitmore Disease An infection that is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, which is found in soil and water; symptoms vary widely, but most commonly include fever, cough, pneumonia, arthralgia, myalgia, and skin ulceration. An infection that is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, which is found in soil and water; symptoms vary widely, but most commonly include fever, cough, pneumonia, arthralgia, myalgia, and skin ulceration. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128337 Yersiniosis Yersiniosis An infection that is caused by Yersinia enterocolitica or Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, and that is usually acquired by consumption of contaminated meat, water, or unpasteurized milk. It can also be transmitted vertically, pre- or perinatally, from mother to infant. Manifestation of symptoms depends on the infecting species and mode of acquisition, and can range from gastrointestinal syndromes to septicemia. An infection that is caused by Yersinia enterocolitica or Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, and that is usually acquired by consumption of contaminated meat, water, or unpasteurized milk. It can also be transmitted vertically, pre- or perinatally, from mother to infant. Manifestation of symptoms depends on the infecting species and mode of acquisition, and can range from gastrointestinal syndromes to septicemia. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128338 Historical term that references a form of pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, or Legionella species. Historical term that references a form of pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, or Legionella species. C90259 Pediatric Terminology Atypical Pneumonia Walking Pneumonia A C128339 Legionella Pneumonia Legionella Pneumonia Legionnaires' Disease A pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila and other Legionella species, which is characterized by fever, cough, progressive respiratory distress, and which is often accompanied by extrapulmonary manifestations. A pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila and other Legionella species, which is characterized by fever, cough, progressive respiratory distress, and which is often accompanied by extrapulmonary manifestations. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128340 Bacillary Peliosis Bacillary Peliosis An infection that is caused by Bartonella henselae, which occurs primarily in immunocompromised persons; it is characterized by blood-filled cysts in the liver and spleen. An infection that is caused by Bartonella henselae, which occurs primarily in immunocompromised persons; it is characterized by blood-filled cysts in the liver and spleen. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128341 Foodborne Botulism Foodborne Botulism Botulism that is caused by consuming food or beverage that contains the botulinum toxin. Botulism that is caused by consuming food or beverage that contains the botulinum toxin. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128342 Wound Botulism Wound Botulism Botulism that is caused by toxin that is produced in a wound contaminated with Clostridium botulinum. Botulism that is caused by toxin that is produced in a wound contaminated with Clostridium botulinum. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128343 Infant Botulism Infant Botulism Botulism that is caused by contact with spores of Clostridial bacteria, which subsequently grow in the intestine and release toxin. Botulism that is caused by contact with spores of Clostridial bacteria, which subsequently grow in the intestine and release toxin. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128344 Adult Intestinal Botulism Adult Intestinal Botulism Adult Intestinal Toxemia Botulism A rare form of botulism that occurs among adults by the same mechanism as infant botulism. A rare form of botulism that occurs among adults by the same mechanism as infant botulism. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128345 Iatrogenic Botulism Iatrogenic Botulism Accidental Botulism Botulism that occurs following injection of botulinum toxin. Botulism that occurs following injection of botulinum toxin. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128346 Prion Disease Prion Disease A transmissible, infectious disease that is caused by a protein that is able to induce abnormal folding of normal cellular proteins, leading to characteristic spongiform brain changes, which are associated with neuronal loss without an inflammatory response. Such disorders have typically long incubation periods, but are then generally rapidly progressive and are uniformly fatal. A transmissible, infectious disease that is caused by a protein that is able to induce abnormal folding of normal cellular proteins, leading to characteristic spongiform brain changes, which are associated with neuronal loss without an inflammatory response. Such disorders have typically long incubation periods, but are then generally rapidly progressive and are uniformly fatal. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128347 Antibiotic-Associated Colitis Antibiotic-Associated Colitis Inflammation of the colon that is caused by an alteration in intestinal flora by antibiotic use. Inflammation of the colon that is caused by an alteration in intestinal flora by antibiotic use. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128348 Fecal-Oral Transmission Fecal-Oral Transmission The transmission of an infectious agent to a host's oral cavity via the fecal particles of another living organism. The transmission of an infectious agent to a host's oral cavity via the fecal particles of another living organism. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128349 Cercarial Dermatitis Cercarial Dermatitis Duck Itch|Lake Itch|Swimmer's Itch A pruritic rash that occurs as consequence of cercariae penetration of the skin after aquatic exposure to animal (usually avian) schistosomes, often in countries non-endemic to human schistosomiasis. The condition is non-invasive and responsive to symptomatic treatment. A pruritic rash that occurs as consequence of cercariae penetration of the skin after aquatic exposure to animal (usually avian) schistosomes, often in countries non-endemic to human schistosomiasis. The condition is non-invasive and responsive to symptomatic treatment. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128350 Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea Diarrhea that is associated with current or recent antibiotic use. Diarrhea that is associated with current or recent antibiotic use. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128351 Foodborne Illness Foodborne Illness Food Poisoning Any disorder that results from the consumption of food contaminated with an infectious agent or toxin. Any disorder that results from the consumption of food contaminated with an infectious agent or toxin. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128352 Droplet Transmission Droplet Transmission Droplet Spread The direct transmission of an infectious agent to a host by a spray of a relatively large (greater than five microns), short range respiratory aerosol. The direct transmission of an infectious agent to a host by a spray of a relatively large (greater than five microns), short range respiratory aerosol. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128353 Airborne Transmission Airborne Transmission The direct transmission of an infectious agent to a host via droplet nuclei (less than or equal to five microns) or dust suspended in the air. The direct transmission of an infectious agent to a host via droplet nuclei (less than or equal to five microns) or dust suspended in the air. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128354 Arthropod Vector Arthropod Vector An animal within the phylum Arthropoda that transmits an infectious agent to a vertebrate animal. An animal within the phylum Arthropoda that transmits an infectious agent to a vertebrate animal. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128355 Native Valve Endocarditis Native Valve Endocarditis Endocarditis affecting a native valve of the heart. Endocarditis affecting a native valve of the heart. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128356 Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis Endocarditis occurring on parts of a valve prosthesis or a reconstructed heart valve; it can be classified into early and late prosthetic valve endocarditis. Endocarditis occurring on parts of a valve prosthesis or a reconstructed heart valve; it can be classified into early and late prosthetic valve endocarditis. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128357 Early Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis Early Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis Prosthetic valve endocarditis that occurs days to weeks after surgery. Prosthetic valve endocarditis that occurs days to weeks after surgery. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128358 Late Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis Late Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis Prosthetic valve endocarditis that occurs several months to years following valve replacement. Prosthetic valve endocarditis that occurs several months to years following valve replacement. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128359 Bacterial Endocarditis Bacterial Endocarditis Endocarditis that is caused by an infection with a bacterial agent. Endocarditis that is caused by an infection with a bacterial agent. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128360 Lymphatic Filariasis Lymphatic Filariasis Elephantiasis A clinical disorder that is caused by obstruction of the lymphatic system years after filarial infection. It is characterized by painful and profound lymphedema, resulting in significant swelling (elephantiasis) of extremities and genitals. A clinical disorder that is caused by obstruction of the lymphatic system years after filarial infection. It is characterized by painful and profound lymphedema, resulting in significant swelling (elephantiasis) of extremities and genitals. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128361 Colonization Colonization The presence of microorganisms (not contamination) on a body surface, including the skin and mucosal surfaces (e.g., respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tracts). Colonization implies the lack of signs or symptoms of infection but often precedes infection. The presence of microorganisms (not contamination) on a body surface, including the skin and mucosal surfaces (e.g., respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tracts). Colonization implies the lack of signs or symptoms of infection but often precedes infection. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128362 Dimorphic Fungus Dimorphic Fungus A fungus that grows as either a yeast or a mold. A fungus that grows as either a yeast or a mold. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128363 Interferon-Gamma Release Assay Interferon-Gamma Release Assay IGRA A blood test that exposes a person's lymphocytes ex vivo to two or three Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens; a positive result suggests that the person has tuberculosis infection. A blood test that exposes a person's lymphocytes ex vivo to two or three Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens; a positive result suggests that the person has tuberculosis infection. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128364 Vehicle Transmission Vehicle Transmission The indirect transmission of an infectious agent to a host via inanimate objects such as food, water, biologic products, or fomites. The indirect transmission of an infectious agent to a host via inanimate objects such as food, water, biologic products, or fomites. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128365 Vector Transmission Vector Transmission The indirect transmission of an infectious agent to a host via another living organism, either through purely mechanical means (e.g., insect bite) or by that organism supporting the growth or changes in the agent that make it infectious to the host. The indirect transmission of an infectious agent to a host via another living organism, either through purely mechanical means (e.g., insect bite) or by that organism supporting the growth or changes in the agent that make it infectious to the host. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128367 Endogenous Infection Endogenous Infection Auto-Infection An infection caused by an infectious agent that is present on or in the host prior to the start of the infection. An infection caused by an infectious agent that is present on or in the host prior to the start of the infection. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128368 Mastoiditis Mastoiditis Inflammation of the mucosal lining of the mastoid antrum and mastoid air cell system of the mastoid process. Inflammation of the mucosal lining of the mastoid antrum and mastoid air cell system of the mastoid process. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128369 Labyrinthitis Labyrinthitis Inflammation of the inner ear. Inflammation of the inner ear. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128370 Fungal Keratitis Fungal Keratitis Keratitis caused by fungi. Keratitis caused by fungi. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128371 Late Latent Syphilis Late Latent Syphilis Latent syphilis when infection was acquired more than twelve months previously. Latent syphilis when infection was acquired more than twelve months previously. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128372 Severe Malaria Severe Malaria Complicated Malaria Acute malaria with signs of organ dysfunction, severe anemia (hemoglobin less than 5 g/dL or hematocrit less than 15%) and/or hyperparasitemia (greater than 5% of red blood cells infected). Acute malaria with signs of organ dysfunction, severe anemia (hemoglobin less than 5 g/dL or hematocrit less than 15%) and/or hyperparasitemia (greater than 5% of red blood cells infected). C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128373 Cerebral Malaria Cerebral Malaria A sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum in the brain, which can cause coma and/or seizures. A sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum in the brain, which can cause coma and/or seizures. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128374 Eosinophilic Meningitis Eosinophilic Meningitis Meningitis in which eosinophils predominate in the cerebrospinal fluid. Meningitis in which eosinophils predominate in the cerebrospinal fluid. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128375 Infectious Meningoencephalitis Infectious Meningoencephalitis Inflammation of the meninges and brain caused by an infectious agent. Inflammation of the meninges and brain caused by an infectious agent. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128376 Mode of Transmission Mode of Transmission The process by which an infection is transmitted to a person. The process by which an infection is transmitted to a person. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128377 Tuberculosis Infection Tuberculosis Infection LTBI|Latent Tuberculosis Infection The asymptomatic presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the body, which is determined by a positive result to a tuberculin skin test or interferon-gamma release assay. The asymptomatic presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the body, which is determined by a positive result to a tuberculin skin test or interferon-gamma release assay. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128378 Acute Transverse Myelitis Acute Transverse Myelitis A neurologic disorder that is caused by inflammation across both sides of one level, or segment, of the spinal cord. (from NINDS) A neurologic disorder that is caused by inflammation across both sides of one level, or segment, of the spinal cord. (from NINDS) C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128379 Acute Flaccid Myelitis Acute Flaccid Myelitis An acute onset of focal limb weakness that is associated mainly with gray matter abnormalities or CSF pleocytosis, but which is without an apparent cause. An acute onset of focal limb weakness that is associated mainly with gray matter abnormalities or CSF pleocytosis, but which is without an apparent cause. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128380 Bacterial Myocarditis Bacterial Myocarditis Myocarditis that is caused by an infection with a bacterial agent. Myocarditis that is caused by an infection with a bacterial agent. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128381 Viral Myocarditis Viral Myocarditis Myocarditis that is caused by an infection with a viral agent. Myocarditis that is caused by an infection with a viral agent. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128382 Pyomyositis Pyomyositis Tropical Pyomyositis A suppurative infection of muscle. A suppurative infection of muscle. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128384 Collapsed Lung Collapsed Lung Atelectasis of an entire lung. Atelectasis of an entire lung. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128385 Uvulitis Uvulitis Inflammation of the uvula. Inflammation of the uvula. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128386 Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media CSOM Otitis media that persists for at least six weeks, and that is associated with otorrhea through a perforated tympanic membrane. Otitis media that persists for at least six weeks, and that is associated with otorrhea through a perforated tympanic membrane. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128387 Fasciolosis Fasciolosis Fascioliasis A parasitic infection that is caused by liver flukes, usually Fasciola hepatica, of sheep, goats, and cattle. Humans become infected by eating uncooked, infested aquatic vegetation (classically watercress). Adult flukes inhabit the bile ducts, gallbladder, and occasionally ectopic sites. Symptoms arise secondary to inflammatory response or obstruction. A parasitic infection that is caused by liver flukes, usually Fasciola hepatica, of sheep, goats, and cattle. Humans become infected by eating uncooked, infested aquatic vegetation (classically watercress). Adult flukes inhabit the bile ducts, gallbladder, and occasionally ectopic sites. Symptoms arise secondary to inflammatory response or obstruction. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128388 Fasciolopsiasis Fasciolopsiasis A small bowel infection that is caused by Fasciolopsis buski, which is endemic in the Far East and Southeast Asia, and which is transmitted via the consumption of raw or undercooked aquatic plants. The spectrum of manifestations range from asymptomatic to intestinal symptoms from local invasion or allergic response. A small bowel infection that is caused by Fasciolopsis buski, which is endemic in the Far East and Southeast Asia, and which is transmitted via the consumption of raw or undercooked aquatic plants. The spectrum of manifestations range from asymptomatic to intestinal symptoms from local invasion or allergic response. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128389 Heterophyiasis Heterophyiasis An infection that is caused by the intestinal fluke Heterophyes heterophyes, which is most commonly found in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, and which is transmitted via consumption of contaminated raw or undercooked fish. Symptoms typically range from asymptomatic to intermittent abdominal pain and diarrhea, with occasional ectopic infection. An infection that is caused by the intestinal fluke Heterophyes heterophyes, which is most commonly found in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, and which is transmitted via consumption of contaminated raw or undercooked fish. Symptoms typically range from asymptomatic to intermittent abdominal pain and diarrhea, with occasional ectopic infection. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128390 Metagonimiasis Metagonimiasis An infection that is most commonly caused by the intestinal fluke Metagonimus yokogawai, which is most commonly found in the Far East, and which is transmitted via consumption of contaminated raw or undercooked fish. Symptoms typically range from asymptomatic to intermittent abdominal pain and diarrhea, with occasional ectopic infection. An infection that is most commonly caused by the intestinal fluke Metagonimus yokogawai, which is most commonly found in the Far East, and which is transmitted via consumption of contaminated raw or undercooked fish. Symptoms typically range from asymptomatic to intermittent abdominal pain and diarrhea, with occasional ectopic infection. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128391 Diphyllobothriasis Diphyllobothriasis An infection that is caused by the tapeworm Diphyllobothrium latum and related species; it is transmitted via consumption of raw or undercooked fish, and symptoms include abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, vomiting, fatigue, weight loss, and vitamin B12 deficiency. An infection that is caused by the tapeworm Diphyllobothrium latum and related species; it is transmitted via consumption of raw or undercooked fish, and symptoms include abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, vomiting, fatigue, weight loss, and vitamin B12 deficiency. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128392 Ascariasis Ascariasis An infection that is caused by the roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides, many cases of which remain asymptomatic. During the transient larval migratory phase, shortness of breath, fever, and eosinophilia can occur. Depending on the intestinal worm burden, a spectrum of gastrointestinal tract symptoms can occur. An infection that is caused by the roundworm Ascaris lumbricoides, many cases of which remain asymptomatic. During the transient larval migratory phase, shortness of breath, fever, and eosinophilia can occur. Depending on the intestinal worm burden, a spectrum of gastrointestinal tract symptoms can occur. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128393 Anisakiasis Anisakiasis An infection that is caused by nematodes of the genus Anisakis, which is most commonly transmitted via ingestion of infective larvae from consumption of raw or undercooked fish or squid; it is characterized by invasion of the stomach wall or intestines, resulting in the death of the worm, and triggering an inflammatory response that surrounds the worm and that can result in intestinal obstruction. An infection that is caused by nematodes of the genus Anisakis, which is most commonly transmitted via ingestion of infective larvae from consumption of raw or undercooked fish or squid; it is characterized by invasion of the stomach wall or intestines, resulting in the death of the worm, and triggering an inflammatory response that surrounds the worm and that can result in intestinal obstruction. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128394 Angiostrongyliasis Angiostrongyliasis An infection that is caused by nematodes of the genus Angiostrongylus; signs and symptoms are dependent on the invading species, but generally include gastrointestinal symptoms and fever, and can have extraintestinal manifestations (e.g., central nervous system, anterior and posterior eye). An infection that is caused by nematodes of the genus Angiostrongylus; signs and symptoms are dependent on the invading species, but generally include gastrointestinal symptoms and fever, and can have extraintestinal manifestations (e.g., central nervous system, anterior and posterior eye). C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128395 Gnathostomiasis Gnathostomiasis An infection that is caused by nematodes of the genus Gnathostoma, which is commonly found in Southeast Asia, and which is transmitted via the consumption of contaminated raw/undercooked birds, eels, fish, frogs, or reptiles. The pattern of symptoms is species-dependent, and extraintestinal manifestations are due to larval migration (e.g., pulmonary infiltrates, eosinophilic meningitis, or painful, pruritic subcutaneous swellings, and peripheral blood eosinophilia). An infection that is caused by nematodes of the genus Gnathostoma, which is commonly found in Southeast Asia, and which is transmitted via the consumption of contaminated raw/undercooked birds, eels, fish, frogs, or reptiles. The pattern of symptoms is species-dependent, and extraintestinal manifestations are due to larval migration (e.g., pulmonary infiltrates, eosinophilic meningitis, or painful, pruritic subcutaneous swellings, and peripheral blood eosinophilia). C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128396 Enterobiasis Enterobiasis Pinworm Infection|Threadworm Infection An infection that is caused by the nematode Enterobius vermicularis; it is characterized predominantly by perianal pruritus. An infection that is caused by the nematode Enterobius vermicularis; it is characterized predominantly by perianal pruritus. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128397 Baylisascariasis Baylisascariasis Raccoon Roundworm Infection An infection that is caused by the raccoon nematode Baylisascaris procyonis, which is transmitted by the ingestion of embryonated eggs in contaminated soil; symptoms depend on larval migration sites (visceral organs, eye, or brain) provoking severe inflammatory responses. An infection that is caused by the raccoon nematode Baylisascaris procyonis, which is transmitted by the ingestion of embryonated eggs in contaminated soil; symptoms depend on larval migration sites (visceral organs, eye, or brain) provoking severe inflammatory responses. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128398 Strongyloidiasis Strongyloidiasis An infection that is caused by nematodes of the genus Strongyloides, most commonly Strongyloides stercoralis, which is a soil-transmitted helminth, and which is characterized by a variety of gastrointestinal, dermatologic, and, occasionally, pulmonary manifestations. The worm's autoinfective life cycle can lead to hyper-infection and life-threatening dissemination in immunocompromised hosts decades after initial infection. An infection that is caused by nematodes of the genus Strongyloides, most commonly Strongyloides stercoralis, which is a soil-transmitted helminth, and which is characterized by a variety of gastrointestinal, dermatologic, and, occasionally, pulmonary manifestations. The worm's autoinfective life cycle can lead to hyper-infection and life-threatening dissemination in immunocompromised hosts decades after initial infection. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128399 Trichuriasis Trichuriasis Whipworm Infection An infection that is caused by the nematode Trichuris trichiura, a soil-transmitted helminth, which is transmitted via food and/or water contaminated with the eggs of the worm. Symptoms are usually mild and include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fatigue, and possibly anemia secondary to blood loss in diarrhea. An infection that is caused by the nematode Trichuris trichiura, a soil-transmitted helminth, which is transmitted via food and/or water contaminated with the eggs of the worm. Symptoms are usually mild and include abdominal pain, diarrhea, fatigue, and possibly anemia secondary to blood loss in diarrhea. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128400 Myiasis Myiasis The infection of a fly larva (maggot) in human tissue, which most commonly occurs in tropical climates. Affected tissues most commonly include skin, especially if open wounds are present, nasal passages, ears, and eyes. The infection of a fly larva (maggot) in human tissue, which most commonly occurs in tropical climates. Affected tissues most commonly include skin, especially if open wounds are present, nasal passages, ears, and eyes. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128401 Pediculosis Pediculosis Lice Infestation A contagious infestation of parasitic insects found on the head (Pediculus humanus capitis), body (Pediculus humanus corporis), or pubic area (Pthirus pubis) that typically cause itching and rash. A contagious infestation of parasitic insects found on the head (Pediculus humanus capitis), body (Pediculus humanus corporis), or pubic area (Pthirus pubis) that typically cause itching and rash. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128402 Herpetic Whitlow Herpetic Whitlow A painful blister of the periungual skin that is caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2. A painful blister of the periungual skin that is caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or 2. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128403 Suppurative Parotitis Suppurative Parotitis Parotitis that is caused by a bacterial agent. Parotitis that is caused by a bacterial agent. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128404 Bacterial Pericarditis Bacterial Pericarditis Pericarditis that is caused by an infection with a bacterial agent. Pericarditis that is caused by an infection with a bacterial agent. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128405 Viral Pericarditis Viral Pericarditis Pericarditis that is caused by an infection with a viral agent. Pericarditis that is caused by an infection with a viral agent. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128406 Fungal Pericarditis Fungal Pericarditis Pericarditis that is caused by an infection with a fungal agent. Pericarditis that is caused by an infection with a fungal agent. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128407 Bacterial Peritonitis Bacterial Peritonitis Peritonitis that is caused by a bacterial infection. Peritonitis that is caused by a bacterial infection. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128408 Cryptosporidiosis Cryptosporidiosis Cryptosporidium Infection An infection that is caused by Cryptosporidium parvum or hominis, which is acquired by inhalation or ingestion of infectious spores, and which typically manifests as acute enteritis. An infection that is caused by Cryptosporidium parvum or hominis, which is acquired by inhalation or ingestion of infectious spores, and which typically manifests as acute enteritis. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128409 Cyclosporiasis Cyclosporiasis A protozoan infection that is caused by Cyclospora cayetanensis, which is most commonly acquired from contaminated food or water, and which is characterized by watery diarrhea and abdominal pain. A protozoan infection that is caused by Cyclospora cayetanensis, which is most commonly acquired from contaminated food or water, and which is characterized by watery diarrhea and abdominal pain. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128410 Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever An infection that is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, which is transmitted to humans from infected ticks; it is characterized by the sudden onset of fever, headache, and myalgia, followed by rash that usually begins peripherally. An infection that is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, which is transmitted to humans from infected ticks; it is characterized by the sudden onset of fever, headache, and myalgia, followed by rash that usually begins peripherally. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128411 Acute Sinusitis Acute Sinusitis Sinusitis lasting less than or equal to thirty days. Sinusitis lasting less than or equal to thirty days. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128412 Primary Syphilis Primary Syphilis The subclinical or symptomatic stage of syphilis, occurring at an average of three weeks after contact with an infected individual. It manifests with one or more painless, indurated ulcers (chancres) of the skin or mucous membranes at the site of inoculation. These lesions heal spontaneously within a few weeks. The subclinical or symptomatic stage of syphilis, occurring at an average of three weeks after contact with an infected individual. It manifests with one or more painless, indurated ulcers (chancres) of the skin or mucous membranes at the site of inoculation. These lesions heal spontaneously within a few weeks. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128413 Secondary Syphilis Secondary Syphilis The secondary stage of syphilis typically that is characterized by generalized rash (including palms and soles), mucocutaneous lesions, and lymphadenopathy. It usually begins one to two months after the primary stage. The secondary stage of syphilis typically that is characterized by generalized rash (including palms and soles), mucocutaneous lesions, and lymphadenopathy. It usually begins one to two months after the primary stage. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128414 Tertiary Syphilis Tertiary Syphilis Late Syphilis A stage of syphilis that occurs fifteen to thirty years after the initial infection; it can include gumma formation and cardiovascular or central nervous system involvement (neurosyphilis). A stage of syphilis that occurs fifteen to thirty years after the initial infection; it can include gumma formation and cardiovascular or central nervous system involvement (neurosyphilis). C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128415 Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis MDR-TB|Multidrug-Resistant TB Tuberculosis disease that is caused by a multidrug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis disease that is caused by a multidrug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128416 Pre-Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Pre-Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Pre-Extensively Drug-Resistant TB|Pre-XDR-TB Tuberculosis disease that is caused by a pre-extensively drug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis disease that is caused by a pre-extensively drug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128417 Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Extensively Drug-Resistant TB|XDR-TB Tuberculosis disease that is caused by an extensively drug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis disease that is caused by an extensively drug-resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128418 Lassa Fever Lassa Fever A viral hemorrhagic fever that is caused by the Lassa virus, which is transmitted by contact with infected rodents; it is characterized by fever, headache, malaise, myalgia, and hearing loss. A viral hemorrhagic fever that is caused by the Lassa virus, which is transmitted by contact with infected rodents; it is characterized by fever, headache, malaise, myalgia, and hearing loss. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128419 Rift Valley Fever Rift Valley Fever RVF A viral hemorrhagic fever that is caused by the Rift Valley fever virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes and infected animals. The infection is typically asymptomatic or causes only mild illness, but can be associated with retinitis. A viral hemorrhagic fever that is caused by the Rift Valley fever virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes and infected animals. The infection is typically asymptomatic or causes only mild illness, but can be associated with retinitis. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128420 Roseola Infantum Roseola Infantum Exanthem Subitum|Roseola An infection that is due to human herpesvirus (HHV) types 6 or 7; it is characterized by 3-5 days of high fever followed by the acute onset of a rosy, pink, non-pruritic, macular rash that is predominantly on the neck and trunk. An infection that is due to human herpesvirus (HHV) types 6 or 7; it is characterized by 3-5 days of high fever followed by the acute onset of a rosy, pink, non-pruritic, macular rash that is predominantly on the neck and trunk. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128421 Monkeypox Monkeypox An infection that is caused by an Orthopoxvirus, which is transmitted by primates or rodents, and which is characterized by a prodromal syndrome of fever, chills, headache, myalgia, and lymphedema; initial symptoms are followed by a generalized papular rash that typically progresses from vesiculation through crusting over the course of two weeks. An infection that is caused by an Orthopoxvirus, which is transmitted by primates or rodents, and which is characterized by a prodromal syndrome of fever, chills, headache, myalgia, and lymphedema; initial symptoms are followed by a generalized papular rash that typically progresses from vesiculation through crusting over the course of two weeks. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128422 Chikungunya Chikungunya An infection that is caused by the Chikungunya virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes; it is characterized by fever and severe arthralgia. An infection that is caused by the Chikungunya virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes; it is characterized by fever and severe arthralgia. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128423 Zika Virus Infection Zika An infection that is caused by the Zika virus, which is primarily transmitted via mosquitoes; it is characterized by fever, skin rash, arthralgia, and conjunctivitis. An infection that is caused by the Zika virus, which is primarily transmitted via mosquitoes; it is characterized by fever, skin rash, arthralgia, and conjunctivitis. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128424 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Middle East Respiratory Syndrome MERS A viral respiratory infection that is caused by the MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV), which most often manifests with moderate to severe respiratory symptoms, including productive cough and shortness of breath, which can progress to pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. A viral respiratory infection that is caused by the MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV), which most often manifests with moderate to severe respiratory symptoms, including productive cough and shortness of breath, which can progress to pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128425 Anaplasmosis Anaplasmosis An infection that is caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which is transmitted to humans by infected ticks; it is characterized by fever, headache, chills, and myalgia. An infection that is caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which is transmitted to humans by infected ticks; it is characterized by fever, headache, chills, and myalgia. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128426 Louse-Borne Relapsing Fever Louse-Borne Relapsing Fever An infection that is caused by certain species of Rickettsia or Borrelia, which are transmitted to humans from infected lice; it is characterized by sudden fever, chills, headaches, myalgia, arthralgia, nausea, and possibly a rash. Symptoms usually persist for two to nine days, then disappear, with recurrence after several weeks if the patient remains untreated. An infection that is caused by certain species of Rickettsia or Borrelia, which are transmitted to humans from infected lice; it is characterized by sudden fever, chills, headaches, myalgia, arthralgia, nausea, and possibly a rash. Symptoms usually persist for two to nine days, then disappear, with recurrence after several weeks if the patient remains untreated. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128427 Southern Tick-Associated Rash Illness Southern Tick-Associated Rash Illness Masters Disease|STARI A putative Borrelia infection causing acute manifestations similar to Lyme disease, particularly erythema migrans, following the bite of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum. A putative Borrelia infection causing acute manifestations similar to Lyme disease, particularly erythema migrans, following the bite of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128428 Infectious Hidradenitis Infectious Hidradenitis Hidradenitis that is caused by an infectious agent, usually a bacterium. Hidradenitis that is caused by an infectious agent, usually a bacterium. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128429 Hidradenitis Suppurativa Hidradenitis Suppurativa A chronic, suppurative inflammation of the apocrine sweat glands, that is characterized by clusters of bumps or sores. A chronic, suppurative inflammation of the apocrine sweat glands, that is characterized by clusters of bumps or sores. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128430 Early Latent Syphilis Early Latent Syphilis Latent syphilis when infection was acquired less than twelve months previously. Latent syphilis when infection was acquired less than twelve months previously. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128431 Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Multidrug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis A strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is resistant to isoniazid and rifampin. A strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is resistant to isoniazid and rifampin. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128432 Pre-Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Pre-Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis A strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is characterized by resistance to isoniazid, rifampin, and one of the following: a) any of the fluoroquinolone antibiotics or b) one or more of three injectable drugs (kanamycin, capreomycin, amikacin). A strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is characterized by resistance to isoniazid, rifampin, and one of the following: a) any of the fluoroquinolone antibiotics or b) one or more of three injectable drugs (kanamycin, capreomycin, amikacin). C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128433 Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Extensively Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis A strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is resistant to all of the following: isoniazid, rifampin, any of the fluoroquinolone antibiotics, and at least one of three injectable drugs (kanamycin, capreomycin, amikacin). A strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is resistant to all of the following: isoniazid, rifampin, any of the fluoroquinolone antibiotics, and at least one of three injectable drugs (kanamycin, capreomycin, amikacin). C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128434 Rhinosinusitis Rhinosinusitis Inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the nose and paranasal sinuses. Inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the nose and paranasal sinuses. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128436 Tonsillopharyngitis Tonsillopharyngitis Inflammation of the palatine tonsils and the posterior pharynx (throat). Inflammation of the palatine tonsils and the posterior pharynx (throat). C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128438 Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease vCJD A form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease that is most commonly contracted after consuming meat from an animal suffering from bovine spongiform encephalopathy. A form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease that is most commonly contracted after consuming meat from an animal suffering from bovine spongiform encephalopathy. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128439 Hand Foot and Mouth Disease Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease HFMD A clinical syndrome that is usually caused by enterovirus infection, and that is characterized by fever, anorexia, and painful sores in the mouth, distal extremities, and/or other sites, including the buttocks. A clinical syndrome that is usually caused by enterovirus infection, and that is characterized by fever, anorexia, and painful sores in the mouth, distal extremities, and/or other sites, including the buttocks. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C128441 Carrión Disease Carrión Disease Carrion Disease An infection that is caused by Bartonella bacilliformis, which is transmitted to humans from infected sandflies. The acute phase (Oroya Fever) is characterized by fever, headache, myalgia, enlargement of the lymph nodes, and anemia. The chronic phase (verruga peruana/Peruvian wart) is characterized by benign, eruptive lesions that are bleeding and pruritic, arthralgia, and malaise. An infection that is caused by Bartonella bacilliformis, which is transmitted to humans from infected sandflies. The acute phase (Oroya Fever) is characterized by fever, headache, myalgia, enlargement of the lymph nodes, and anemia. The chronic phase (verruga peruana/Peruvian wart) is characterized by benign, eruptive lesions that are bleeding and pruritic, arthralgia, and malaise. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C14187 Bacteria Bacteria Bacteria, Eubacteria|Bacterium Unicellular, prokaryotic organisms that reproduce by cell division and usually have cell walls; can be shaped like spheres, rods or spirals and can be found in virtually any environment. A unicellular, prokaryotic organism that reproduces by cell division and usually has cell walls; can be shaped like spheres, rods, or spirals; and can be found in virtually any environment. C14250 Organism C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C14198 Disease Vector Vector Disease Vector An invertebrate animal (e.g., tick, mite, mosquito, bloodsucking fly) capable of transmitting an infectious agent among vertebrates. An organism that can carry and transmit a pathogen to another organism. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C14209 Fungus Fungus Fungi A kingdom of eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms that live as saprobes or parasites, including mushrooms, yeasts, smuts, molds, etc. They reproduce either sexually or asexually, and have life cycles that range from simple to complex. Filamentous fungi refer to those that grow as multicellular colonies (mushrooms and molds). A eukaryotic, heterotrophic organism that lives as a saprobe or parasite, and includes yeasts and molds. It reproduces either sexually or asexually, and has a life cycle that ranges from simple to complex. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C14283 Virus Virus Viruses An infectious agent which consists of two parts, genetic material and a protein coat. These organisms lack independent metabolism, and they must infect the cells of other types of organisms to reproduce. Most viruses are capable of passing through fine filters that retain bacteria, and are not visible through a light microscope. An infectious agent that comprises two parts: genetic material and a protein coat. These organisms lack independent metabolism, and they must infect the cells of other types of organisms to reproduce. C14250 Organism C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C14286 Yeast Yeast Various single-celled members of the fungal families, ascomycetes, basidiomycetes and imperfect fungi that tend to be unicellular for the greater part of their life cycle. A unicellular fungus that reproduces by mitosis or budding. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C14329 Microorganism Microbe Microorganism A microscopic organism. The term microorganism may refer to a prokaryote or eukaryote, and may be a unicellular or multicellular organism. All taxonomic kingdoms contain microorganisms. A microscopic organism capable of causing disease in humans, plants, or animals. Most microbes are classified into one of four major groups: bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protozoa. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C14364 Genital Herpes Genital Herpes Herpes simplex infection of the genitals, most commonly caused by the herpes simplex-2 virus. Herpes simplex infection of the genitals, most commonly caused by the herpes simplex-2 virus. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C17214 Transmission Transmission A passage or transfer, as of a disease from one individual to another. The conveyance of an infection to a person. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C17449 Antibiotic Resistance Antibiotic Resistance The mechanisms, functions, activities, or processes exhibited by microorganisms, especially bacteria, to resist or to become tolerant to antibiotics. The reduced susceptibility of microorganisms to an anti-infective drug(s). C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C17706 Anergy Anergy Diminished immune responsiveness to specific antigens. Induced or programmed clonal lymphocyte anergy is believed to be the second major mechanism (after clonal deletion) of the development of self tolerance by the immune system. Diminished cellular immune responsiveness to one or more antigens. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C258 Antibiotic Antibiotic Antimicrobial Substances naturally produced by microorganisms or their derivatives that selectively target microorganisms not humans. Antibiotics kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms by targeting components of the microbial cell absent from human cells, including bacterial cell walls, cell membrane, and 30S or 50S ribosomal subunits. These substances are used in the treatment of bacterial and other microbial infections. Substances that kill or inhibit the growth or other functions of microorganisms. These substances are used in the treatment of bacterial and other microbial infections, though this term is most often used to describe antibacterial agents. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C2643 Trivalent Influenza Vaccine Trivalent Influenza Vaccine Flu prevention|Flu prophylaxis|Flu shot|Flu vaccination|TIV A synthetic vaccine consisting of hemagglutinin (HA) antigens derived from three inactivated influenza viruses, two different influenza type A strains and one influenza type B strain. Trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) is formulated annually, based on influenza strains projected to be prevalent in the upcoming flu season. Upon administration, the TIV provides active immunization against the three influenza virus strains, thereby protecting against influenza infection. A form of TIV containing higher concentrations of HA antigens may be used in older patients to elicit a more effective immune response. C2848 Polyvalent Vaccine C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C26699 Bacterial Arthritis Bacterial Arthritis Septic Arthritis The inflammation of one or more joints caused by a bacterial infection within the joint space. Symptoms include pain, stiffness, and decreased range of motion in the affected joint. Joint inflammation that is caused by a bacterial infection within the joint space. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C26711 Candidiasis Candidiasis Candida Infection Infection with the organism Candida. An infection that is caused by one of many species of the genus Candida. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C26715 Cellulitis Cellulitis Inflammation of the dermis and subcutaneous tissues caused by a bacterial infection. Symptoms include erythema, edema, and pain to the affected area. An infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissues with induration and erythema. C2890 Bacterial Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C26718 Cholangitis Cholangitis Biliary Tract Infection An acute or chronic inflammatory process affecting the biliary tract. Inflammation of the biliary tract. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C26726 Infectious Disorder Infectious Disorder Clinical Infection|ID|Infectious Disease A disorder resulting from the presence and activity of a microbial, viral, fungal, or parasitic agent. It can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact. A disorder resulting from the presence and activity of a microbial, viral, fungal, or parasitic agent. It can be transmitted by direct or indirect contact. C2991 Disease or Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C26735 Croup Croup Laryngotracheitis|Laryngotracheobronchitis Acute upper respiratory airways infection that results in the swelling of the larynx. It is usually caused by parainfluenza viruses. Signs include a characteristic barking cough and stridor. Swelling and narrowing of the trachea, vocal cords, and bronchi usually due to a viral infection and which typically manifests with stridor and barking cough. C26871 Respiratory System Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C26745 Dermatophytosis Dermatophytosis A common fungal infection of the stratum corneum of the skin, hair, or nails by a dermatophyte. It is characterized by itching, inflammation, redness of the skin, small papular vesicles, central clearing, fissures, scaling, and/or hair loss in the affected area. A common fungal infection of the stratum corneum of the skin, hair, or nails by a dermatophyte. It is characterized by itching, inflammation, redness of the skin, small papular vesicles, central clearing, fissures, scaling, and/or hair loss in the affected area. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C26787 Gonococcal Urethritis Gonococcal Urethritis GC Urethritis Inflammation of the urethra secondary to infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae; this infection is spread through sexual contact. Urethritis that is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C26802 Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Classic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease CJD A rare transmittable degenerative disorder of the brain caused by prions. Morphologically it is characterized by spongiform degeneration of the cerebral and cerebellar cortex. Signs and symptoms include sleep disturbances, personality changes, aphasia, ataxia, muscle atrophy and weakness, visual loss, and myoclonus. It usually leads to death within a year from the onset of the disease. A prion disease of humans that is characterized by spongiform degeneration of the cerebral and cerebellar cortex. Three recognized forms are sporadic, familial, and iatrogenic. The iatrogenic form occurs through direct contact with human tissue, a product derived from human tissue, or contaminated medical equipment. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C26821 Lymphadenitis Lymphadenitis Adenitis Acute or chronic inflammation of one or more lymph nodes. It is usually caused by an infectious process. Inflammation of one or more lymph nodes. C3507 Immune System Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C26827 Mediastinitis Mediastinitis An inflammatory process affecting the mediastinum. Inflammation of the mediastinum. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C26866 Prostatitis Prostatitis An infectious or non-infectious inflammatory process affecting the prostate gland. An inflammatory process affecting the prostate gland. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C26913 Verruca Plantaris Verruca Plantaris Plantar Wart A wart in the plantar surface of the foot. It is caused by human papillomavirus. A common wart on the plantar surface of the foot. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C27027 Candida Esophagitis Esophageal Candidiasis Esophagitis resulting from Candida. Candidiasis of the esophagus. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C27079 Non-Gonococcal Urethritis Non-Gonococcal Urethritis NGU Inflammation of the urethra secondary to infection with any bacteria other than Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Infectious urethritis that is not caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C27087 Verruca Vulgaris Verruca Vulgaris Common Wart A wart caused by human papillomavirus. It can appear anywhere on the skin. A wart on the skin. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C276 Antiparasitic Agent Antiparasitic Any agent that is effective against infections caused by parasitic organisms and is able to inhibit their growth or kill them. This class consists of anthelmintics and antiprotozoals. Substances that kill or inhibit the growth or other functions of parasites, and that are used in the treatment of parasitic infections. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C27864 Parasitic Infection Parasitic Infection Parasitic Disease A successful invasion of a host by an organism that uses the host for food and shelter. An infection caused by a parasite. C26726 Infectious Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C281 Antiviral Agent Antiviral Any agent that can treat or prevent viral infections by interfering with the viral replication cycle. Substances that kill or inhibit the growth or other functions of viruses, and that are used in the treatment of viral infections. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C28137 Oral Candidiasis Oral Candidiasis Thrush Infection of the mucosal lining of the mouth with the fungus Candida albicans. Infection of the mucosal lining of the mouth with the fungus Candida albicans. C26726 Infectious Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C28176 Parasite Parasite Parasites Any organism that has a close, symbiotic relationship with a separate, host organism. An organism that lives on or in a host organism, and that draws its nourishment from that host. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C28182 Rabies Rabies A life-threatening viral infection caused by the neurotropic Rabies virus. It is transmitted to humans usually from a bite by an infected dog. The initial signs and symptoms include malaise, fever, and headache, followed by the central nervous system manifestations which include abrupt behavioral changes. Paralysis, lethargy, and coma follow the behavioral changes. An infection that is caused by the neurotropic Rabies virus, which is most often transmitted to humans via a bite by an infected animal. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C28266 Mold Filamentous Fungus Mold A very large group of microscopic fungi that live on plant or animal matter. Most are filamentous organisms and produce spores that can be air-, water-, or insect-borne. A multicellular fungus that produces filaments and hyphae. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C2851 Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Acquired Immunodeficiency Disease AIDS|Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome A syndrome resulting from the acquired deficiency of cellular immunity caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is characterized by the reduction of the Helper T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and the lymph nodes. Symptoms include generalized lymphadenopathy, fever, weight loss, and chronic diarrhea. Patients with AIDS are especially susceptible to opportunistic infections (usually pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections, tuberculosis, candida infections, and cryptococcosis), and the development of malignant neoplasms (usually non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma). The human immunodeficiency virus is transmitted through sexual contact, sharing of contaminated needles, or transfusion of contaminated blood. A chronic, potentially life threatening condition that is caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and is characterized by increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections, certain cancers and neurologic disorders. C9229 Systemic Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C2886 Aspergillosis Aspergillosis An infection that is caused by Aspergillus. A group of diseases which result from an infection with, or allergic response to the fungus Aspergillus. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C2890 Bacterial Infection Bacterial Infection Bacterial Disease An acute infectious disorder that is caused by gram positive or gram negative bacteria; representative examples include pneumococcal, streptococcal, salmonella, and meningeal infections. An infection caused by a bacterium. C26726 Infectious Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C2914 Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Vulvovaginal Candidiasis Vaginal Candidiasis Infection of the vulva and vagina with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. It is a disease associated with HIV infection. Candidiasis of the vulva and/or vagina. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C29329 Purified Protein Derivative Purified Protein Derivative PPD A purified protein extract derived from the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Intradermally-administered, PPD stimulates preprimed CD4 T cells in immunologically competent subjects previously exposed to the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis; these activated CD4 T cells secrete various cytokines that attract granulocytes, monocytes, and macrophages in an inflammatory response known as delayed hypersensitivity. (NCI04) An extract derived from the supernatant of a culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis grown under standardized conditions that is used in the tuberculin skin test. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C2960 Condyloma Acuminatum Condyloma Acuminatum Condyloma Acuminata|Genital Wart|Genital Warts A sexually transmitted papillary growth caused by the human papillomavirus. It usually arises in the skin and mucous membranes of the perianal region and external genitalia. A wart of the perianal region or genitalia that is caused by sexual transmission of the human papillomavirus. C3439 Viral Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C2967 Cryptococcosis Cryptococcosis An acute or chronic, localized or disseminated infection by Cryptococcus neoformans. Sites of involvement include the lungs, central nervous system and meninges, skin, and visceral organs.--2004 An infection that is caused by Cryptococcus neoformans, and in some geographic areas by Cryptococcus gattii, which can be either acute or chronic, and either localized or disseminated; it typically involves the lungs, though disseminated disease can occur. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C298 BCG Vaccine Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccine BCG Vaccine A vaccine containing bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis, with non-specific immunoadjuvant and immunotherapeutic activities. Although the mechanism of its anti-tumor activity is unclear, immunization with BCG vaccine likely activates a Th1 cytokine response that includes the induction of interferon. Vaccination with BCG vaccine may be immunoprotective against infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A tuberculosis vaccine containing bacillus Calmette-Guérin, a live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis. There are many different strains of BCG vaccine, all of which were originally derived from one strain, but which now have very different properties. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C29888 Mumps Mumps Epidemic Parotitis A contagious viral infection caused by the mumps virus. Symptoms include swollen and tender parotid glands, fever, muscle aches and fatigue. Due to vaccination programs, mumps has become a rare disease. A contagious infection that is caused by the mumps virus; it is characterized by swollen and tender parotid glands. C96411 Pediatric Viral Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C3245 Fungal Infection Fungal Infection Mycosis An infection caused by a fungus. An infection caused by a fungus. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C3289 Opportunistic Infection Opportunistic Infection OI Infection caused by an organism that is capable of causing disease in immunocompromised patients only (e.g. HIV-positive or transplanted patients).--2004 An infection that occurs in an immunocompromised host, but that does not usually cause an infection with similar frequency or severity in a normal (immunocompetent) host. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C3299 Infectious Otitis Externa Infectious Otitis Externa Outer Ear Infection|Swimmer's Ear Inflammation of the anatomical structures of the outer ear and ear canal secondary to an infectious process. Bacterial etiology is most common, but fungal infection is also possible. Symptoms include erythema, edema, and pain. Otitis externa that is caused by an infectious agent. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C3334 Pneumocystis Pneumonia Pneumocystis Pneumonia PCP|PJP|Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia Pneumonia resulting from infection with Pneumocystis jirovecii, frequently seen in the immunologically compromised, such as persons with AIDS, or steroid-treated individuals, the elderly, or premature or debilitated babies during their first three months. Patients may be only slightly febrile (or even afebrile), but are likely to be extremely weak, dyspneic, and cyanotic. This is a major cause of morbidity among patients with AIDS. A severe, progressive pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii, which is usually seen in immunologically compromised individuals. C90259 Pediatric Terminology Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia C C3364 Septicemia Sepsis Sepsis Syndrome|Septicemia The presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the blood stream causing a rapidly progressing systemic reaction that may lead to shock. Symptoms include fever, chills, tachycardia, and increased respiratory rate. It is a medical emergency that requires urgent medical attention. A systemic inflammatory response to an infection. C2890 Bacterial Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C3365 Sexually Transmitted Disorder Sexually Transmitted Infection STD|STI|Sexually Transmitted Disease|VD A disorder acquired through sexual contact. An infection that is acquired through sexual contact. C90259 Pediatric Terminology Venereal Disease A C3418 Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasmosis A parasitic disease contracted by the ingestion or fetal transmission of toxoplasma gondii. A protozoan infection that is acquired by the ingestion or maternal-to-fetal transmission of Toxoplasma gondii. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C3423 Tuberculosis Tuberculosis Active Tuberculosis|TB|Tuberculosis Disease|Tuberculosis A chronic, recurrent infection caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) may affect almost any tissue or organ of the body with the lungs being the most common site of infection. The clinical stages of TB are primary or initial infection, latent or dormant infection, and recrudescent or adult-type TB. Ninety to 95% of primary TB infections may go unrecognized. Histopathologically, tissue lesions consist of granulomas which usually undergo central caseation necrosis. Local symptoms of TB vary according to the part affected; acute symptoms include hectic fever, sweats, and emaciation; serious complications include granulomatous erosion of pulmonary bronchi associated with hemoptysis. If untreated, progressive TB may be associated with a high degree of mortality. This infection is frequently observed in immunocompromised individuals with AIDS or a history of illicit IV drug use. A disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection that is characterized by the growth of nodules in body tissues, most commonly the lungs, and may be transmitted through droplets from the throat or lungs of individuals with the active respiratory disease. C2890 Bacterial Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34428 Blastomycosis Blastomycosis A fungal infection caused by inhalation of spores of Blastomyces dermatitidis. It presents with flu-like symptoms including fever, chills, cough, pleuritic chest pain and myalgias. It may lead to a chronic granulomatous pulmonary infection and disseminate to other anatomic sites including skin, nervous system and bones. A fungal infection that is usually caused by inhalation of spores of Blastomyces dermatitidis; it most commonly presents with fever, chills, cough, pleuritic chest pain, and myalgias. The infection can disseminate to other anatomic sites, including skin, nervous system, and bones. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34465 Cholecystitis Cholecystitis An acute or chronic inflammation involving the gallbladder wall. It may be associated with the presence of gallstones. Inflammation of the gallbladder. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34509 Viral Conjunctivitis Viral Conjunctivitis Conjunctivitis resulting from viral infection. Conjunctivitis that is caused by a virus. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34520 Cysticercosis Cysticercosis A parasitic infection caused by the larval form of Taenia solium. It is a disseminated infection affecting the central nervous system, subcutaneous tissues, lungs, heart and liver. The most serious complications result from infection of the brain parenchyma. Patients may develop seizures, hydrocephalus, encephalopathy and meningoencephalitis. A disseminated infection of tissues or organs that is caused by the larval stage of Taenia solium. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34528 Dengue Fever Dengue Break Bone Fever|Dengue Fever An acute infection caused by Dengue virus. Signs and symptoms include sudden onset of fever, headache, rash, arthralgia, and myalgia. It is transmitted through mosquitoes. An infection that is caused by the dengue virus, which is transmitted to humans by mosquitoes, and which is characterized by sudden onset of fever, headache, rash, arthralgia, and myalgia. Occasionally, patients develop either dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), a more severe form of the disease that is characterized by plasma leakage due to increased vascular permeability, or dengue shock syndrome (DSS), which can cause circulatory collapse and possibly death. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C34541 Diphtheria Diphtheria A Gram-positive bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. It usually involves the oral cavity, pharynx, and nasal cavity. Patients develop pseudomembranes in the affected areas and manifest signs and symptoms of an upper respiratory infection. The diphtheria toxin may cause myocarditis, polyneuritis, and other systemic effects. A toxicoinfection that is caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae; it predominantly involves the upper respiratory tract, where pseudomembranes are characteristic. Cutaneous diphtheria, toxic myocardiopathy, and toxic neuropathy also can occur. C2890 Bacterial Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C34572 Empyema Empyema An accumulation of pus in a body cavity, usually the pleural space. An accumulation of pus in a body cavity, usually the pleural space. C26871 Respiratory System Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C34578 Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ADEM An inflammatory process affecting the central nervous system. It is characterized by perivascular demyelination. Symptoms usually follow an acute viral infection or immunization and include fever, confusion, somnolence and involuntary movements. It may lead to coma and death. Transitory inflammation of the brain and spinal cord that is associated with demyelination with or without neuronal damage. C34580 Encephalomyelitis C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34611 Filariasis Filariasis Infection by filarial worms. Infections with nematodes of the superfamily Filarioidea that is of global importance. The presence of living worms in the body is mainly asymptomatic, but the death of adult worms leads to granulomatous inflammation and fibrosis. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34638 Glanders Glanders A condition resulting from infection by Burkholderia mallei, which mainly affects horses. A zoonotic infection that is caused by Burkholderia mallei, and that, in humans, may manifest in acute or chronic forms. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34682 Congo-Crimean Hemorrhagic Fever Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever CCHF A tick borne hemorrhagic fever resulting from infection by Nairovirus. A viral hemorrhagic fever that is caused by the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, which is transmitted by ticks and infected humans. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34702 Hookworm Infection Hookworm Infection An infection that is caused by hookworms. A nematode infection due to Ancylostoma species or Necator americanus. Prevalence and species vary by country. The infection is acquired by larval penetration of the skin, which causes intense pruritus (ground itch), and is followed by a pulmonary migratory phase; adult worms reside in the gastrointestinal tract, where feeding can lead to blood loss, iron deficiency anemia, and sometimes nutritional deficiencies. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34726 Infectious Mononucleosis Infectious Mononucleosis Mono A condition characterized by an increase in mononuclear white blood cells and swollen lymph nodes, which is usually caused by infection with the Epstein-Barr virus. A clinical syndrome of fever, sore throat, fatigue, and lymphadenopathy. Epstein-Barr virus is the predominant cause. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34767 Leishmaniasis Leishmaniasis A parasitic infection caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania. It is transmitted to humans via the bite of sandflies. There are three main forms of the disease: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral leishmaniasis. Cutaneous leishmaniasis causes skin ulcers; mucocutaneous leishmaniasis causes destructive lesions of the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and throat; visceral leishmaniasis is the most severe form of the disease and is manifested with anemia, weight loss, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. A protozoan infection that is caused by members of the genus Leishmania, which is transmitted to humans via the bite of sandflies. There are three main forms of the disease: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C3477 Bacillary Angiomatosis Bacillary Angiomatosis A condition that is caused by infection with Bartonella, and which is characterized by vascular proliferation, usually in immunocompromised individuals. An infection that is caused by Bartonella henselae or Bartonella quintana, which occurs primarily in immunocompromised persons; it is characterized by vascular lesions in the skin, subcutaneous tissue, bone, or other organs. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34784 Loiasis Loiasis Infection by the African eye worm, Loa loa. An infection that is caused by the nematode Loa loa, which is contracted via the bite of a deer fly. In temporary residents of endemic areas, the most common clinical manifestation is Calabar swelling (localized angioedema), typically on the extremities. Infected permanent residents of endemic areas typically manifest eye disease related to wandering of the adult worm. Encephalopathy, cardiomyopathy, and renal disease are related to microfilaraemia. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34861 Onchocerciasis Onchocerciasis River Blindness A disease caused by infection with Onchocerca volvulus; symptoms may include pruritis and blindness. An infection that is caused by the nematode Onchocerca volvulus, which most commonly occurs in tropical climates, and which is transmitted by bites from a black fly. Symptoms include intense pruritus, inflammation, and swelling of skin; if the larvae migrate to the eye, blindness can occur. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34882 Rheumatic Heart Disease Rheumatic Heart Disease RHD An autoinflammatory condition following an infection with Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus (GABHS), in which the heart is attacked by antibodies formed in reaction to a recent GABHS infection. Chief anatomic changes of the valve include leaflet thickening, commissural fusion, and shortening and thickening of the tendinous cords, all of which can result in valvular dysfunction. A consequence of acute rheumatic fever that causes chronic cardiac valve damage and/or dysfunction. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34886 Secretory Otitis Media Otitis Media with Effusion OME|Secretory Otitis Media|Serous Otitis Media Otitis media associated with accumulation of fluid in the middle ear. Otitis media that is associated with the accumulation of fluid in the middle ear without signs or symptoms of an acute infection. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34891 Paracoccidioidomycosis Paracoccidioidomycosis A systemic fungal infection caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis that is most often seen in immunocompromised patients. It affects the mucous membranes, lymph nodes, lungs and bones. A systemic fungal infection that is caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, which affects the mucous membranes, lymph nodes, lungs and bones, and which is most often seen in immunocompromised patients. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34932 Aspiration Pneumonitis Aspiration Pneumonitis Aspiration Pneumonia Inflammation of the lungs due to the inhalation of solid or liquid material. Inflammation of the lungs due to the inhalation of solid or liquid material. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34953 Protozoal Infection Protozoal Infection An infection that is caused by protozoans. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C34965 Pyelonephritis Pyelonephritis An inflammatory process affecting the kidney. The cause is most often bacterial, but may also be fungal in nature. Signs and symptoms may include fever, chills, flank pain, painful and frequent urination, cloudy or bloody urine, and confusion. An infection of the kidney. C2890 Bacterial Infection C3149 Kidney Disease C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34970 Q Fever Q Fever A bacterial infection caused by Coxiella burnetii. It is transmitted to humans by the inhalation of infected air particles or contact with fluids and feces of infected animals. Signs and symptoms include the abrupt onset of fever, headache, myalgias, and weakness. An infection that is caused by Coxiella burnetii; it is transmitted to humans by the inhalation of infected air particles or contact with fluids and feces of infected animals. Signs and symptoms include the abrupt onset of fever, headache, myalgias, and weakness. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34971 Rat-Bite Fever Rat-Bite Fever Spirillosis|Streptobacillosis An infectious disease that is caused transmitted by the bite of a rat. Two species of bacteria can cause the infection: Streptobacillus moniliformis and Spirillum minus. An acute infection that is caused by Streptobacillus moniliformis (in North America) or Spirillum minus (in Asia), which is transmitted primarily by rodents; it is characterized by fever, myalgia, arthralgia, and petechial rash. When infections are acquired without a bite the resulting illness is called Haverhill Fever. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34976 Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever Tick-Borne Relapsing Fever An infection that is caused by certain species of Rickettsia or Borrelia, which are transmitted to humans from infected ticks; it is characterized by sudden fever, chills, headaches, myalgia, arthralgia, nausea, and possibly a rash. Symptoms usually persist for two to nine days, then disappear, with recurrence after several weeks if the patient remains untreated. An infection that is caused by certain species of Rickettsia or Borrelia, which are transmitted to humans from infected ticks; it is characterized by sudden fever, chills, headaches, myalgia, arthralgia, nausea, and possibly a rash. Symptoms usually persist for two to nine days, then disappear, with recurrence after several weeks if the patient remains untreated. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C34998 Scabies Scabies A contagious skin infection that is caused by the burrowing parasitic mite, Sarcoptes scabiei, and is characterized by intense itching and small, raised red spots in the area of the mite burrows. A contagious infestation that is caused by the burrowing parasitic mite, Sarcoptes scabiei; it is characterized by intense itching and small, raised red spots in the area of the mite burrows. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C35000 Schistosomiasis Schistosomiasis Bilharzia|Snail Fever A parasitic infection caused by flukes of the genus Schistosoma. Signs and symptoms include fever, abdominal pain, eosinophilia and hepatosplenomegaly. If left untreated it may eventually cause liver damage leading to cirrhosis, bladder cancer and kidney failure. Schistosoma parasite infection that is commonly seen in tropical and subtropical regions and may be transmitted through skin contact with contaminated freshwater. C27864 Parasitic Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C35027 Smallpox Smallpox A condition that is caused by infection with Variola, and that is characterized by small, raised bumps. An infection that is caused by one of two viruses: Variola major or Variola minor, both of which are transmitted via inhalation of droplets. A vaccine was developed, and smallpox was declared eradicated by the WHO in 1979. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C35055 Syphilis Syphilis A contagious bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. It is a sexually transmitted disorder, although it can also be transmitted from the mother to the fetus in utero. Typically, it is initially manifested with a single sore which heals without treatment. If the infection is left untreated, the initial stage is followed by skin rash and mucous membrane lesions. A late stage follows, which is characterized by damage of the internal organs, including the nervous system. An infection that is caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C35056 Latent Syphilis Latent Syphilis A stage of syphilis characterized by the serologic evidence of infection by Treponema pallidum without evidence of accompanying signs or symptoms related to the disease. A stage of syphilis that occurs after the secondary stage, and that is characterized by the serologic evidence of infection without the evidence of accompanying signs or symptoms related to the disease. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C35057 Tabes Dorsalis Tabes Dorsalis A form of neurosyphilis characterized by slowly progressive degeneration of the spinal cord. Signs and symptoms include pain, ataxia, loss of coordination, personality changes, blindness, urinary incontinence, dementia, and degeneration of the joints. A form of neurosyphilis that is characterized by slowly progressive degeneration of the spinal cord. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C35089 Typhoid Fever Typhoid Fever A bacterial infectious disorder contracted by consumption of food or drink contaminated with Salmonella typhi. This disorder is common in developing countries and can be treated with antibiotics. A systemic febrile illness that is caused by infection with Salmonella Typhi or Salmonella Paratyphi. C2890 Bacterial Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C35124 Viral Hepatitis Viral Hepatitis An acute or chronic inflammation of the liver parenchyma caused by viruses. Representative examples include hepatitis A, B, and C, cytomegalovirus hepatitis, and herpes simplex hepatitis. Hepatitis that is caused by a viral infection. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C35131 Vulvovaginitis Vulvovaginitis An inflammatory pathologic process that affects the vulva and the vagina. Inflammation of the vulva and vagina. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C35151 Chronic Sinusitis Chronic Sinusitis Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses that typically lasts beyond eight weeks. It is caused by infections, allergies, and the presence of sinus polyps or deviated septum. Signs and symptoms include headache, nasal discharge, swelling in the face, dizziness, and breathing difficulties. Sinusitis that lasts more than thirty days without improvement. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C35286 Clostridium difficile Colitis Clostridium difficile Infection C. diff Colitis|C. diff Infection|Clostridium difficile Colitis|Clostridium difficile Infection A bacterial infection of the colon secondary to infection with Clostridium difficile bacteria. This infection generally results from the loss of normal gut flora secondary to recent antibiotic use, and manifests as copious watery stools, with associated abdominal pain and myalgia. C. difficile is the most common cause of pseudomembranous colitis, and can progress to toxic megacolon if left untreated. An infection of the large intestine by the bacterium Clostridium difficile. C26723 Colitis C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C35374 Viral Gastroenteritis Viral Gastroenteritis Gastroenteritis resulting from a viral infection. Gastroenteritis that is caused by an infection with a viral agent. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C35483 Bacterial Gastroenteritis Bacterial Gastroenteritis Gastroenteritis resulting from a bacterial infection. Gastroenteritis that is caused by an infection with a bacterial agent. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C35498 Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxic Shock Syndrome TSS A rare acute life-threatening systemic bacterial noncontagious illness caused by any of several related staphylococcal exotoxins. It is characterized by high fever, hypotension, rash, multi-organ dysfunction, and cutaneous desquamation during the early convalescent period. The toxins affect the host immune system, causing an exuberant and pathological host inflammatory response. Laboratory findings include leukocytosis, elevated prothrombin time, hypoalbuminemia, hypocalcemia, and pyuria. Profoundly reduced blood flow that results in impaired tissue perfusion and possible end organ damage resulting from an exotoxin released from certain bacteria, most often Staphylococcus aureus, or Streptococcus pyogenes. C9229 Systemic Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C35547 Yellow Fever Virus Infection Yellow Fever Yellow Fever Virus Infection A viral infection caused by a flavivirus called yellow fever virus. It is transmitted to humans from infected mosquitoes. The signs and symptoms range from a mild febrile illness to liver damage with jaundice and hemorrhages. An infection that is caused by the yellow fever virus, which is transmitted to humans by mosquitoes; the signs and symptoms range from a mild febrile illness to liver damage with jaundice and bleeding. C3439 Viral Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C35550 Acute Poliomyelitis Acute Poliomyelitis Polio|Poliomyelitis An acute infectious disorder that affects the nervous system. It is caused by the poliovirus. The virus spreads by direct contact, and can be prevented by prophylaxis with the polio vaccine. Inflammation of the spinal cord that is caused by the poliovirus, and that often results in flaccid paralysis. C96411 Pediatric Viral Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C35650 Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Upper Respiratory Infection Cold|URI|Upper Respiratory Tract Infection An infectious process affecting the upper respiratory tract (nose, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, or trachea). Symptoms include congestion, sneezing, coughing, fever, and sore throat. Infection of the nose, pharynx, larynx, or any combination thereof. C26871 Respiratory System Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C35803 Zoonotic Infection Zoonotic Infection Infection by an etiologic agent that can be passed between animals and humans. An infectious agent of an animal that can be transmitted to, and cause disease in, humans. The transference of the infectious agent can be either direct or indirect. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C36170 Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Viral Hemorrhagic Fever A group of viral illnesses that are characterized by increased susceptibility to bleeding diatheses. A disease of viral etiology that is characterized by fever and bleeding, which can progress to high fever, shock and death. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C36171 Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Ebola Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever A viral hemorrhagic fever that is caused by the Ebola virus, which is transmitted by contact with infected animals or humans; it is characterized by high fever, unexplained bleeding, and a high mortality rate. A viral hemorrhagic fever that is caused by the Ebola virus, which is transmitted by contact with infected animals or humans; it is characterized by high fever, unexplained bleeding, and a high mortality rate. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C3889 Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Pelvic Inflammatory Disease PID Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is an acute or chronic inflammation in the pelvic cavity. It is most commonly caused by sexually transmitted diseases, including chlamydia and gonorrhea that have ascended into the uterus, fallopian tubes, or ovaries as a result of intercourse or childbirth, or of surgical procedures, including insertion of IUDs or abortion. PID may be either symptomatic or asymptomatic. It may cause infertility and it may raise the risk of ectopic pregnancy. PID is a disease associated with HIV infection. A clinical syndrome that is caused by an ascending infection of the female upper genital tract, and that is most commonly caused by sexually transmitted infections. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C39658 Bronchiolitis Bronchiolitis Wheezy Bronchitis Inflammation of the bronchioles characterized by swelling of the bronchioles and mucus accumulation. It is usually caused by the respiratory syncytial virus and affects children. Signs and symptoms include coughing, wheezing, and shortness of breath. Inflammation of the bronchioles. C3198 Lung Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C4076 Isosporiasis Cystoisosporiasis An intestinal infection with Isospora belli. A protozoan infection that is caused by Cystoisospora belli (formerly known as Isospora belli), which is most commonly acquired from contaminated food or water, and which is characterized by watery diarrhea and abdominal pain. C90259 Pediatric Terminology Isosporiasis A C44959 Chlamydophila psittaci Infection Psittacosis A bacterial infection caused by Chlamydophila psittaci. Humans are infected by handling sick birds. The Chlamydiae cause respiratory infection manifests with fever, malaise, cough, dyspnea, sore throat, photophobia and headaches. An infection that is caused by Chlamydophila psittaci, which is transmitted by infected birds; it typically causes a febrile respiratory illness. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C45161 Borrelia burgdorferi Infection Lyme Disease Borrelia burgdorferi Infection An infectious disease caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. Early manifestations of infection may include fever, headache, fatigue, depression, and a characteristic skin rash called erythema migrans. Left untreated, late manifestations involving the joints, heart, and nervous system can occur. An infectious disease that is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi. C26726 Infectious Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C5028 Verrucous Lesion Wart Verruca|Verrucous Lesion A papillomavirus related epithelial overgrowth. It can be located anywhere on the body though when it involves the perineal region it is generally referred to as condyloma acuminata. A growth on the skin with a thickened, rough surface. C3262 Neoplasm C3371 Skin Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C50559 Fasciitis Fasciitis Inflammation process in fascia. Inflammation of the fascia. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C50706 Pressure Sore Decubitus Bedsore|Decubiti|Decubitus Ulcer|Pressure Sore|Pressure Ulcer Death of tissue due to external pressure. Skin damage generally present over a bony prominence that is associated with uninterrupted external pressure. C36281 Integumentary System Finding C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C50758 Subclinical Infection Subclinical Infection Asymptomatic Infection Infection associated with no detectable symptoms but caused by microorganisms capable of producing easily recognizable diseases, such a poliomyelitis or mumps. An infection without associated signs or symptoms. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C50764 Lymphadenopathy Lymphadenopathy Adenopathy An enlarged lymph node. Causes include viral and bacterial infections and cancers that affect the lymph nodes. Abnormal enlargement of the lymph nodes. C3507 Immune System Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C50791 Urinary Tract Infection Urinary Tract Infection UTI|Urinary Tract Infectious Disease A bacterial infectious process affecting any part of the urinary tract, most commonly the bladder and the urethra. Symptoms include urinary urgency and frequency, burning sensation during urination, lower abdominal discomfort, and cloudy urine. An infection of the kidneys, ureters, bladder and/or urethra. C26726 Infectious Disorder C3430 Urinary System Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C514 Antifungal Agent Antifungal Substances that treat systemic or topical infections caused by fungi. Antifungal agents kill or inhibit the growth of fungi, by various mechanisms. These mechanisms include inhibition of fungal mitosis, impairing synthesis or binding to ergosterol, inhibition of RNA or DNA synthesis, and interfering with other fungal metabolic processes. Substances that kill or inhibit the growth or other functions of fungi and that are used in the treatment of fungal infections. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C53656 Bacterial Conjunctivitis Bacterial Conjunctivitis Inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by a variety of bacterial agents. Conjunctivitis that is caused by bacteria. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C71079 Herpes Zoster Zoster Herpes Zoster|Shingles A common dermal and neurologic disorder caused by reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus that has remained dormant within dorsal root ganglia, often for decades, after the patient's initial exposure to the virus in the form of varicella (chickenpox). It is characterized by severe neuralgic pain along the distribution of the affected nerve and crops of clustered vesicles over the area. Varicella zoster virus infection that is caused by the reactivation of virus, which can be latent within dorsal root ganglia; zoster is characterized by vesicular lesions clustered unilaterally in a dermatomal distribution of one or more adjacent sensory nerves. Neuralgic pain can occur and can be severe. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C77201 Histoplasmosis Histoplasmosis A disease caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. It primarily affects the lungs but can also occur as a disseminated disease that affects additional organs. The acute respiratory disease has symptoms similar to those of a cold or flu and it usually resolves without treatment in healthy individuals. The disseminated form is generally fatal if untreated. An often self-limited infection that is caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, which typically manifests as a flu-like illness, but severe disseminated disease can occur. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C77212 Zygomycosis Mucormycosis Any infection due to a fungus of the Zygomycota phylum. The disease typically involves the rhino-facial-cranial area, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, skin, or less commonly other organ systems. The infecting fungi have a predilection for invading vessels of the arterial system, causing embolization and subsequent necrosis of surrounding tissue. Any infection due to a fungus of the order Mucorales. The disease typically involves the rhino-facial-cranial area, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, or skin; the infection can also be disseminated. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C78265 Infective Endocarditis Infective Endocarditis An infectious process involving the endocardial layer of the heart. Endocarditis that is caused by an infectious agent. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C78302 Flu-Like Symptoms Flu-Like Symptoms Influenza-Like Illness Complaints describing a pattern similar to influenza, which may include one or more of the following symptoms: fever, chills, muscle or body aches, cough, sore throat, rhinitis, or fatigue. Complaints describing a pattern similar to influenza, which may include one or more of the following symptoms: fever, chills, muscle or body aches, cough, sore throat, rhinitis, or fatigue. C100104 Sign or Symptom C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C79550 Infectious Encephalitis Infectious Encephalitis An acute infectious process that affects the brain tissue. It is usually caused by viruses and less often by bacteria, parasites, and fungi. Inflammation of the brain that is caused by an infectious agent. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C79702 Paronychia Paronychia An acute or chronic infection of the soft tissues around the nail. Symptoms include pain, tenderness, erythema, and swelling around the nail. Acute infection results from minor trauma to the fingertip and Staphylococcus aureus is usually the causative agent. Chronic infection is usually caused by Candida albicans. An acute (usually bacterial) or chronic (usually fungal) infection of the soft tissue around the nail. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C80324 Pathogen Pathogen An agent of disease; a disease producer. A microbial agent capable of producing disease. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C83508 Infectious Conjunctivitis Infectious Conjunctivitis An infectious process affecting the conjunctiva. Conjunctivitis that is caused by an infectious agent. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84354 Infectious Otitis Media Acute Otitis Media AOM|Infectious Otitis Media|Middle Ear Infection Inflammation of the anatomical structures of the middle ear secondary to an infectious process. Bacterial etiology is most common, but both viral and fungal pathogens are also possible. Symptoms include erythema and edema of the tympanic membrane, pain, and possibly fever. In severe infections, inflammation and edema of the structures of the middle ear can lead to perforation of the tympanic membrane secondary to the buildup of pressure in the narrow space. Otitis media that is caused by an infectious agent. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84541 African Trypanosomiasis African Trypanosomiasis A parasitic disorder caused by protozoa of the Trypanosoma brucei species. It is transmitted by flies and is endemic in various regions of Sub-Saharan Africa. Signs and symptoms include fever, joint pain, headache, and significant swelling of the lymph nodes. If left untreated, the parasitic infection causes anemia, heart, kidney, and endocrine failure, and neurologic damage. Subsequently patients develop confusion, disruption of the sleep cycle, and mental deterioration. The infection may lead to coma and death. A protozoan infection that is caused by Trypanosoma brucei, which is transmitted by tsetse flies; it is characterized by fever, joint pain, headache, and lymphadenopathy, and it may progress to multi-organ involvement. C90259 Pediatric Terminology Sleeping Sickness A C84547 Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis ABPA An immune reaction to aspergillus in patients usually suffering from asthma or cystic fibrosis. A hypersensitivity reaction to Aspergillus in patients who are usually suffering from cystic fibrosis or asthma. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84551 Amebiasis Amebiasis A parasitic infectious disorder caused by amoebas. The parasite may cause colitis which is manifested with bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea and fever. In rare cases it may spread to the liver, brain and lungs. A gastrointestinal parasitic infection that is caused by Entamoeba histolytica, and which has a spectrum of manifestations including bloody diarrhea and colitis; extraintestinal infection involves the liver, brain, and lungs. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84565 Anthrax Anthrax An infection caused by Bacillus anthracis bacteria. It may affect the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, or skin. Patients with lung infection present with fever, headaches, cough, chest pain and shortness of breath. Patients with gastrointestinal infection present with nausea, vomiting and bloody diarrhea. Patients with skin infection develop blisters and ulcers. An infection that is caused by Bacillus anthracis, which is usually acquired by contact with infected animals, contaminated animal products, or directly from soil; it may affect the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, skin, and/or central nervous system. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84581 Babesiosis Babesiosis A parasitic infection caused by Babesia. It is transmitted by ticks and infects the red blood cells. Signs and symptoms include fever, fatigue and hemolytic anemia. A malaria-like, tickborne, protozoan zoonosis that is caused by Babesia. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84583 Balantidiasis Balantidiasis A parasitic protozoal infection caused by Balantidium coli that involves the large intestinal mucosa. Signs and symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, headache and weight loss. A protozoan intestinal infection that is caused by Balantidium coli; the symptoms may include watery diarrhea or dysentery, and the spectrum of illness ranges from asymptomatic infection to fulminant and fatal disease. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84586 Bartonella Infection Bartonellosis Bartonella Infection A gram-negative bacterial infection caused by Bartonella bacilliformis. It is transmitted by ticks, flies and mosquitoes. Signs and symptoms include fever, headache, muscle pain, enlargement of the lymph nodes and anemia. An infection that is caused by Bartonella species; it is transmitted by ticks, flies, and mosquitoes. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84599 Botulism Botulism A serious bacterial infection caused by botulinum toxin which is produced by Clostridium botulinum. Patients are infected usually by ingestion of contaminated food or wound contamination. It leads to muscle paralysis which may result in respiratory failure. A rare but serious paralytic illness that is caused by a nerve toxin that is most often produced by Clostridium botulinum, but also rarely by strains of Clostridium butyricum and Clostridium baratii. There are five types of botulism: foodborne, wound, infant, adult intestinal toxemia (adult intestinal colonization), and iatrogenic. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84602 Brucellosis Brucellosis Undulant Fever A gram negative bacterial infection caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella. Humans are infected by ingesting unpasteurized milk or meat from infected animals. Signs and symptoms include fevers, sweating, weakness, headache, muscle pain, arthritis and anemia. An infection that is caused by Brucella species, which is acquired from contact with infected animals, their carcasses, or their milk; it is characterized by fever, sweating, migrating arthralgia, and myalgia. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84620 Cat-Scratch Disease Cat-Scratch Disease Cat-Scratch Fever A bacterial infection caused by Bartonella henselae. It is transmitted to humans from a scratch, bite, or lick from a cat. A blister or a bump appears on the skin following the scratch or bite. Subsequently, there is lymph node enlargement around the scratch or bite site. The lymph node enlargement most often occurs under the arm or the neck. Some patients experience fever, fatigue, headaches or sore throat as well. An infection that is caused by Bartonella henselae, which is transmitted to humans from a scratch, bite, or lick from an infected cat. A local, erythematous papule or blister may appear on the skin. Patients characteristically come to medical attention for lymph node enlargement, for fever, or, rarely, for central nervous system symptoms. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84629 Chagas Disease Chagas Disease American Trypanosomiasis A parasitic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi. It is transmitted by insect bites. It is characterized by an acute and chronic phase; in the acute phase patients may have fever, malaise, and swelling at the site of the insect bite. In the chronic phase patients develop hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, cardiomyopathy and arrhythmias. A protozoan infection that is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi; it is transmitted by triatomine insects, and is characterized by acute (fever and local swelling) and chronic (hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, cardiomyopathy) phases. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84642 Coccidioidomycosis Coccidioidomycosis Valley Fever A fungal infection caused by Coccidioides immitis. Affected individuals usually have mild flu-like symptoms. However, pneumonia and systemic involvement with the formation of abscesses may develop as complications of the disease. An infection that is caused by Coccidioides immitis, which typically manifests as a flu-like illness, although pneumonia and systemic infection can occur. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84649 Congenital Syphilis Congenital Syphilis A life-threatening bacterial infection of the newborn caused by Treponema pallidum. It is transmitted to the infant from a mother with syphilis through the placenta during pregnancy. Signs and symptoms include irritability, fever, failure to thrive, saddle nose, cutaneous rash, and pneumonia. Treponema pallidum infection in the neonate that was transmitted through the placenta. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84677 Dracunculiasis Dracunculiasis Guinea Worm Disease A parasitic infection caused by Dracunculus medinensis. It is caused by drinking water contaminated with water fleas. The larvae enter the body through the intestine. Signs and symptoms include pain, edema, blisters, and ulcers. An infection that is caused by Dracunculus medinensis, which is acquired by drinking water contaminated with infected copepods. The larvae enter the body through the intestine. Signs and symptoms include pain, edema, blisters, and ulcers, with the adult female worm potentially emerging from the skin over time. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84682 Echinococcosis Echinococcosis A parasitic infection caused by tapeworm larvae of Echinococcus. It affects livestock and humans. It is characterized by the formation of hydatid cysts mainly in the liver, lungs, spleen, and kidneys. Rupture of the cysts may lead to shock. An infection that is caused by tapeworm larvae of Echinococcus. It is characterized by the formation of hydatid cysts, mainly in the liver, lungs, spleen, and kidneys. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84688 Endemic Typhus Fever Endemic Typhus Endemic Flea-Borne Typhus A bacterial infection caused by Rickettsia typhi or Rickettsia felis. It is transmitted to humans from infected rat fleas. Symptoms include fever, headache, joint and muscle pain, and weakness. An infection that is caused by Rickettsia typhi or Rickettsia felis, which is transmitted to humans from infected rat fleas; symptoms include fever, headache, joint and muscle pain, and weakness. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84689 Epidemic Louse-Borne Typhus Epidemic Typhus Epidemic Louse-Borne Typhus A gram-negative bacterial infection caused by Rickettsia prowazekii. It is spread by lice infected with the bacteria. Signs and symptoms include sudden headache, generalized muscle pain, malaise, and macular skin lesions. The infection may affect the central nervous system causing encephalitis. An infection that is caused by Rickettsia prowazekii, which is transmitted to humans from infected lice; manifestations include sudden headache, generalized muscle pain, malaise, macular skin lesions, and encephalitis. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84695 Erythema Infectiosum Erythema Infectiosum Fifth Disease A self-limited viral infectious disorder caused by the human parvovirus B19. It affects predominantly children and is characterized by the development of a bright red skin eruption in the cheeks. It is followed by a maculopapular skin eruption in the extremities which eventually fades into a lacey pattern. An infection that is caused by parvovirus B19; it is characterized by the development of bright red cheeks ("slapped cheeks"), which is followed by a skin eruption in the extremities that often has a lacy pattern. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84747 Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome An infection caused by Hantaviruses. It manifests with flu-like symptoms but it rapidly progresses to life-threatening respiratory problems. An infection that is caused by a wide variety of new world Hantaviruses, which is transmitted after contact with infected rodents; it manifests with flu-like symptoms that rapidly progress to pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84824 Leprosy Leprosy Hansen Disease A bacterial granulomatous infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae. It is a progressive disease affecting the skin, peripheral nerves, and limbs. If untreated, it causes permanent tissue damage leading to autoamputations. An infection predominantly that is caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which causes a progressive disease affecting the skin, peripheral nerves, and limbs. If untreated, it usually causes permanent tissue damage leading to autoamputations. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84883 Marburg Virus Disease Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever A viral infectious disorder caused by Marburg virus. Signs and symptoms include fever, headache, myalgias, chest and abdominal pain, jaundice, liver failure, massive hemorrhaging, and multiple organ failure. A viral hemorrhagic fever that is caused by the Marburg virus, which is transmitted by contact with infected animals and humans; it is characterized by maculopapular rash, early and late organ phases, and high mortality. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84891 Microsporidiosis Microsporidiosis Microsporidia Infection A fungal infection caused by Microsporidia. It occurs in immunocompromised patients, causing diarrhea and wasting. An infection that is caused by a group of spore-forming organisms, which have been re-classified from protozoa to fungi. The infection occurs predominantly in immunocompromised patients; common sites of infection include the cornea, GI tract, and disseminated sites. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84916 Necrotizing Fasciitis Necrotizing Fasciitis Infection of the deep skin and subcutaneous tissues and necrosis of the fascia. It is caused by bacteria including group A streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium perfringens. It may develop following trauma and invasive procedures. Infection and necrosis of the fascia and adjoining tissues. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84932 Neurocysticercosis Neurocysticercosis A parasitic infection with tapeworms of the genus Taenia affecting the brain. It is manifested with seizures and headaches. A central nervous system infection that results from the inactive parenchymal or ventricular stage of Taenia solium. While many infections are asymptomatic, seizures are the most common symptom. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84935 Neurosyphilis Neurosyphilis Infection of the brain or spinal cord by Treponema pallidum. It occurs many years following the original infection which remained untreated. Signs and symptoms include abnormal gait, blindness, depression, paralysis, seizures and dementia. Infection of the brain or spinal cord by Treponema pallidum; it most commonly occurs in the tertiary stage but may occur at any stage. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C84995 Paragonimiasis Paragonimiasis A parasitic infection caused by trematodes of the Paragonimus genus. Humans are infected from ingestion of raw or undercooked food. It results in chronic lung infection and eosinophilia. A parasitic infection that is caused by trematodes of the Paragonimus genus. Humans are infected from ingestion of raw or undercooked food, which results in chronic lung infection and eosinophilia. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C85015 Plague Plague A Gram-negative bacterial infection caused by Yersinia pestis. It is usually transmitted to humans from bites of infected rodent fleas. It is manifested as a bubonic, septicemic, or pneumonic plague. In bubonic plague, the lymph nodes adjacent to the site of the skin bite are infected and enlarged. In septicemic plague, the infection spreads directly through the bloodstream. In pneumonic plague, the infection spreads to the lungs either following bubonic plague, or by inhalation of infective droplets. If untreated, it may lead to death. An infection that is caused by Yersinia pestis, which is usually transmitted to humans from infected rodent fleas. It is manifested as a bubonic (lymph node), pneumonic, or septicemic plague. In bubonic plague, the lymph nodes adjacent to the site of the skin bite are infected and enlarged. In pneumonic plague, the infection spreads to the lungs, either following bubonic plague or by inhalation of infective droplets. The term septicemic plague is used when the primary manifestation is a bloodstream infection. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C85051 Rubella Infection Rubella German Measles|Rubella Infection A viral infection caused by the rubella virus. It is initially manifested with flu-like symptoms that last one or two days, followed by the development of a characteristic red rash which lasts from one to five days. The rash first appears in the neck and face. It subsequently spreads to the rest of the body. An infection that is caused by the rubella virus; it is characterized by a descending, non-coalescing macular or maculopapular rash and, generally, a mild systemic illness. C3439 Viral Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology Three-Day Measles A C85064 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome SARS A viral respiratory infection caused by the SARS coronavirus. It is transmitted through close person-to-person contact. It is manifested with high fever, headache, dry cough and myalgias. It may progress to pneumonia and cause death. A viral respiratory infection that is caused by the SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV), which is transmitted through close person-to-person contact; it manifests with high fever, headache, dry cough, and a high mortality rate. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C85171 Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis SSPE A rare, slowly progressive post-infectious neurological disorder affecting the central nervous system. It is characterized by seizures, ataxia, myoclonus, personality changes, spasticity, and coma. The symptoms appear several years following measles infection at an early age. An encephalitic disorder that occurs following a measles infection. The disease initially manifests as personality changes, and then progresses to muscle spasms and seizures, possibly death. C26760 Encephalitis C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C85180 Taeniasis Taeniasis A parasitic infection caused by tapeworms of the genus Taenia. Humans are infected by eating undercooked or raw meat of infected animals. It is usually an asymptomatic infection and patients may become aware of the infection by noticing segments of the tapeworm in their feces. If symptoms are present, they include nausea, abdominal pain, indigestion, constipation, or diarrhea. Intestinal infection with a human tapeworm (Taenia saginata, T. solium, T. asiatica), which is acquired by consumption of cysticerci in raw or undercooked food. Most infected people are asymptomatic and typically become aware of an infection via passing tapeworm segments in feces. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C85185 Tetanus Tetanus A serious infectious disorder that follows wound contamination by the Gram-positive bacterium Clostridium tetani. The bacteria produce a neurotoxin called tetanospasmin, which causes muscle spasm in the jaw and other anatomic sites. A disorder that is caused by Clostridium tetani toxin, which is usually acquired from wound contamination. The neurotoxin causes muscle spasm in the jaw and other anatomic sites. C2890 Bacterial Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C85194 Toxocariasis Toxocariasis A parasitic infection caused by Toxocara. Humans are infected by the larvae of Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati from dogs and cats respectively. Most cases remain asymptomatic. The parasites may affect the eye, causing diminished vision, or other major organs, causing hepatomegaly, eosinophilia, wheezing, and coughing. An infection that is caused by the larvae of Toxocara canis (dogs) or Toxocara cati (cats), most cases of which remain asymptomatic. The larvae can infect the eye, causing diminished vision, or other major organs, causing hepatomegaly, eosinophilia, coughing, and wheezing. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C85199 Trichinosis Trichinosis Trichinellosis A parasitic infection caused by larvae of worms of the genus Trichinella. It is transmitted to humans by ingesting raw or undercooked meat from infected animals. Signs and symptoms include abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting, fever, diarrhea, headache, coughing, myalgias, arthralgias, and eye swelling. An illness caused by the ingestion of larvae of roundworms of the genus Trichinella. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C85208 Tularemia Tularemia A serious Gram-negative bacterial infection caused by Francisella tularensis. It is transmitted to humans through bites from infected insects, inhaling airborne bacteria, handling infected animals, or consuming contaminated food or water. Signs and symptoms include skin ulcers, mouth sores, lymphadenopathy, sore throat, fever and pneumonia. An infection that is caused by Francisella tularensis, which is transmitted to humans from infected insects, inhaling airborne bacteria, handling infected animals, or consuming contaminated food or water; infection can manifest as fever, sore throat, skin ulcers, mouth sores, lymphadenopathy, or pneumonia. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C85228 Whipple Disease Whipple Disease A systemic infection caused by the Gram-positive bacterium Tropheryma whipplei. It affects the small intestine resulting in malabsorption. Other sites or systems affected by the infection are the joints, central nervous system, and the cardiovascular system. An infection that is caused by the Gram-positive bacterium Tropheryma whipplei, which primarily affects the small intestine resulting in malabsorption. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C85231 Whooping Cough Whooping Cough Pertussis A contagious bacterial respiratory infection caused by Bordetella pertussis. It is characterized by severe and uncontrollable cough, resulting in a whooping sound during breathing following the cough. A bacterial respiratory infection caused by Bordetella pertussis, which is characterized by severe and uncontrollable cough, resulting in a whooping sound during breathing following the cough. C26871 Respiratory System Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C85994 Tuberculin Skin Test Tuberculin Skin Test TST A test to determine if a subject has ever had a tuberculosis infection. A small amount of purified tuberculosis protein is placed under the skin of the forearm and a positive skin reaction indicates previous exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A test of delayed-type hypersensitivity involving injection into the skin of a small amount of purified protein derivative (PPD). The formation of a specific, defined amount of induration in response to the test suggests the presence of tuberculosis infection. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C85997 Mantoux Tuberculin Skin Test Mantoux Tuberculin Skin Test Mantoux Test A tuberculin skin test where a standard dose of 5 Tuberculin units of purified protein derivative is injected under the skin of the inner surface of the forearm. Results are read 48-72 hours later. A tuberculin skin test in which a standard dose of purified protein derivative is injected under the skin of the inner surface of the forearm. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C87168 Group B Streptococcal Infection Group B Streptococcal Infection Streptococcus agalactiae Infection Group B Streptococcus, also known as Streptococcus agalactiae, colonizes the vaginal and gastrointestinal tracts of up to 45% of healthy women and may infect neonates in utero or during delivery, causing neonatal sepsis in 1-2% of colonized neonates. GBS infection may also occur in nonpregnant (particularly elderly) adults with underlying medical conditions, presenting as urinary tract infection, pneumonia, or soft-tissue infection. Infection of an infant from birth to three months caused by Group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae) from a colonized mother. Invasive infections may include sepsis, meningitis, and pneumonia. C2890 Bacterial Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C89328 Pediatric Disorder Pediatric Disorder Pediatric Disease or Disorder A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder which occurs during infancy, childhood, or adolescence. C2991 Disease or Disorder C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C92950 Gonorrhea Gonorrhea GC A common sexually transmitted bacterial infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It is transmitted through vaginal, oral, or anal intercourse. Infected individuals may be asymptomatic. Symptoms in males include burning sensation during urination, discharge from the penis, and painful swelling of the testes. Symptoms in females include painful urination, vaginal discharge, and vaginal bleeding between periods. If untreated, the infection may lead to pelvic inflammatory disease. A urogenital infection that is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C94408 Folliculitis Folliculitis Inflammation of the hair follicles. Causes include excessive perspiration, skin infections, and skin wounds. Inflammation of the hair follicles. C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C94575 Scarlet Fever Scarlet Fever A streptococcal infection, mainly occurring among children, that is characterized by a red skin rash, sore throat, and fever. An erythematous, fine, papular rash that is associated with Streptococcal pharyngitis. C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C96406 Measles Measles Rubeola Infection|Rubeola A highly contagious viral infection caused by the measles virus. Symptoms appear 8-12 days after exposure and include a rash, cough, fever and muscle pains that can last 4-7 days. Measles vaccines are available to provide prophylaxis, usually combined with mumps and rubella vaccines (MMR). A highly contagious infection that is caused by Rubeola (measles virus). Symptoms include coryza and fever followed by a descending, coalescing macular or maculopapular rash. C96411 Pediatric Viral Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C96407 Varicella Zoster Infection Varicella Zoster Infection Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection A highly contagious viral infection caused by the varicella zoster virus. Clinically, it may be manifested as shingles or chicken pox. A highly contagious viral infection that is caused by the varicella zoster virus; it clinically manifests as either shingles or chicken pox. C3439 Viral Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C96411 Pediatric Viral Infection Pediatric Viral Infection A viral infection that occurs during infancy, childhood or adolescence. C89328 Pediatric Disorder C3439 Viral Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology C C97132 Chicken Pox Varicella Chickenpox A contagious childhood disorder caused by the varicella zoster virus. It is transmitted via respiratory secretions and contact with chickenpox blister contents. It presents with a vesicular skin rash, usually associated with fever, headache, and myalgias. The pruritic fluid-filled vesicles occur 10-21 days after exposure and last for 3-4 days. An additional 3-4 days of malaise follows before the affected individual feels better. An individual is contagious 1-2 days prior to the appearance of the blisters until all blisters are crusted over. Generally, healthy individuals recover without complications. Varicella zoster virus that is transmitted via respiratory secretions and vesicular skin lesions; clinical manifestations are fever and pruritic, vesicular skin rash ten to twenty-one days after exposure. Clinical complications (e.g., lung, liver and CNS) can occur, especially in immunocompromised individuals. C96411 Pediatric Viral Infection C96407 Varicella Zoster Infection C90259 Pediatric Terminology A C99089 Liver Abscess Liver Abscess Hepatic Abscess A bacterial, parasitic, or fungal abscess that develops in the liver. It is usually the result of an abdominal infection, trauma, or surgery in the right upper quadrant. Signs and symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever. An abscess within the liver. C90259 Pediatric Terminology