D C177536 GDC Property Terminology C127771 Tumor Cell to Total Cell Ratio Measurement The determination of the ratio of tumor cells compared to total cells present in a sample. The measurement may be expressed as a ratio or percentage. tumor_purity tumor purity A C177536 GDC Property Terminology C123556 Cancer Cellularity Measurement The determination of the ratio of neoplastic cells compared to total cells in a sample. The measurement may be expressed as a ratio or percentage. tumor_purity tumor purity C C177536 GDC Property Terminology C13202 Chromosome A structure found in cells that is comprised of a strand of linearized double-stranded DNA plus proteins that package the DNA in a condensed coil form and regulate chromosomal function. chromosome C C177536 GDC Property Terminology C70462 Percent of Lymphocytes A quantitative measurement of the percent of lymphocytes compared to the number of total cells present in a sample. percent_lymphocyte_infiltration percent lymphocyte infiltration C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C111990 Ocifisertib Fumarate An orally available fumarate salt form of CFI-400945, a polo-like kinase 4 (PLK4) inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, polo-like kinase 4 inhibitor CFI-400945 selectively inhibits PLK4, which results in the disruption of mitosis and the induction of apoptosis. PLK4 inhibition also prevents cell division and inhibits proliferation of PLK4-overexpressing tumor cells. PLK4, a member of the polo family of serine/threonine kinases overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a crucial role in the regulation of centriole duplication during the cell cycle. Polo-like Kinase 4 Inhibitor CFI-400945 Fumarate | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C115970 Ibcasertib An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of select serine-threonine kinases, including aurora kinase B (aurora B), vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs), stem cell factor receptor (c-KIT), and platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFRs), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ibcasertib binds to and inhibits the activity of aurora B, VEGFRs, c-kit and PDGFRs, which may result in a decrease in the proliferation of tumor cells that overexpress these kinases. These kinases are overexpressed by a variety of cancer cell types. Chiauranib | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C121217 Cifurtilimab A proprietary, non-fucosylated monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD40 with potential immunostimulatory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, cifurtilimab binds to CD40 on a variety of immune cell types, triggering both cellular proliferation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which activates B-cells and T-cells, and enhances the immune response against tumor cells. In addition, this agent binds to the CD40 antigen present on the surfaces of tumor cells, which induces antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC), and eventually inhibits the proliferation of CD40-expressing tumor cells. CD40, a stimulatory receptor and a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, is expressed on various immune cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells and various tumor cell types; it plays a key role in the activation of the immune system. The non-fucosylated antibody shows increased efficacy as compared to its fucosylated counterpart. Anti-CD40 Monoclonal Antibody SEA-CD40 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C123917 Anvatabart Opadotin An antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) composed of anvatabart, a monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (EGFR2; HER2) site-specifically conjugated at two engineered residues of para-acetyl-phenylalanine (pAcF) via a stable oxime linker to the monomethyl auristatin F (MMAF) analog and potent microtubule inhibitor opadotin, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration of anvatabart opadotin, the antibody moiety targets and binds to HER2 on tumor cells. Upon antibody/antigen binding and internalization, opadotin binds to and inhibits tubulin polymerization, which results in G2/M phase arrest and tumor cell apoptosis. HER2, a tyrosine kinase receptor, is overexpressed by many cancer cell types. The site-specific conjugation of the cytotoxic agent to the antibody improves the biophysical properties of anvatabart opadotin, increases payload stability and optimizes its efficacy. Anti-HER2 Antibody-drug Conjugate ARX788 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C128288 Luvixasertib An orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the dual specificity protein kinase TTK (monopolar spindle 1 kinase, Mps1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, luvixasertib selectively binds to and inhibits the activity of Mps1. This inactivates the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and accelerates mitosis, which results in chromosomal misalignment and missegregation, and mitotic checkpoint complex destabilization. This induces cell death in Mps1-overexpressing cancer cells. Mps1, a tyrosine and serine/threonine kinase expressed in proliferating normal tissues, is essential for proper SAC functioning and chromosome alignment. Overexpressed in various human tumors, Mps1 plays a key role in uncontrolled tumor cell growth. Threonine Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor CFI-402257 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C130033 Vamotinib An orally bioavailable, Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with potential antineoplastic activity. Designed to overcome resistance of tumor cells to second generation Bcr-Abl inhibitors, vamotinib targets and binds to the Bcr-Abl fusion oncoprotein, including those fusion proteins with the 'gatekeeper' resistance mutation T315I, an amino acid substitution at position 315 in Bcr-Abl from a threonine (T) to an isoleucine (I). This inhibits Bcr-Abl-mediated proliferation of, and enhances apoptosis in, Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) hematologic malignancies. The Bcr-Abl fusion protein is an aberrantly activated tyrosine kinase produced by leukemia cells that contain the Philadelphia chromosome. Bcr-Abl Kinase Inhibitor PF-114 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C131492 Ruserontinib An orally available inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3, STK1, CD135 or FLK2), and the non-receptor tyrosine kinase ABL (Abl), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ruserontinib specifically binds to and inhibits EGFR, FLT3 and Abl, which interferes with the activation of EGFR-, FLT3- and Abl-mediated signal transduction pathways and reduces cell proliferation in cancer cells that overexpress EGFR, FLT3 and/or Abl. EGFR, EGFR and Abl are all overexpressed in a variety of cancers and play key roles in tumor cell proliferation. EGFR/FLT3/Abl Inhibitor SKLB1028 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C132250 Nisevokitug A monoclonal antibody directed against human transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, nisevokitug targets and binds to TGF-beta, thereby preventing the activation of TGF-beta-mediated signaling pathways. TGF-beta, a pro-inflammatory mediator that is mutated and/or overexpressed in a number of cancer cell types, is involved in cancer cell proliferation and migration, and tumor progression. Anti-TGF-beta Monoclonal Antibody NIS793 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C13285 Human Chromosome X The larger of the two human sex chromosomes. It is usually present singly in males and doubly in females. chrX | chromosome C13202 chromosome C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C13286 Human Chromosome Y The smaller of the two human sex chromosome. Its presence usually determines the development of a fetus as male, while its absence usually determines the development of a fetus as female. chrY | chromosome C13202 chromosome C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C139559 Batoprotafib An inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration,batoprotafib binds to and inhibits SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell survival, differentiation and proliferation through activation of the RAS-RAF-ERK signaling pathway. SHP2 also regulates programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)-mediated signal transduction and is involved in immune checkpoint modulation. SHP2 Inhibitor TNO155 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C142788 Ivospemin Hydrochloride The hydrochloride salt form of ivospemin, an analogue of naturally occurring polyamine (PA), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon subcutaneous administration, ivospemin displaces endogenous PAs from PA-binding sites on the cell surface, which prevents internalization of PA. This inhibits PA-dependent cell cycle processes and results in cell cycle arrest, the induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. PA uptake is upregulated in various tumor types and increased levels of PA leads to enhanced tumor cell growth. Polyamine Analogue SBP-101 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C142822 Zigakibart A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13; TNFSF13), with potential antineoplastic and immune checkpoint inhibitory activities. Upon administration, zigakibart binds to APRIL and inhibits its binding to both of its receptors, B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and transmembrane activator and CAML Interactor (TACI; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 13B; TNFRSF13B). This inhibits the activation of both BCMA and TACI, and their downstream signaling pathways, which prevents tumor growth, tumor cell adhesion to bone marrow cells and immune suppression. Additionally, zigakibart may reduce APRIL-induced drug resistance which occurs in some tumors. APRIL, an extracellular protein and member of the tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily (TNFSF), is expressed by bone marrow plasma cells and myeloid cells, and overexpressed in multiple myeloma (MM), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and colorectal carcinoma. APRIL induces immune suppression and tumor progression through the activation of BCMA- and TACI-dependent signaling pathways. Anti-APRIL Monoclonal Antibody BION-1301 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C153149 Lipustobart A recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against the negative immunoregulatory human cell surface receptor, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, lipustobart binds to PD-1 and inhibits the binding of PD-1 to the PD-1 ligands, programmed cell death-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) and PD-1 ligand 2 (PD-L2). This prevents the activation of PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways, leading to the activation of both T-cells and T-cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells. PD-1 is a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily expressed on activated T-cells that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands. PD-1 plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity. Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody LZM009 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C153354 Ompenaclid An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the creatine transporter, solute carrier family 6, member 8 (SLC6a8), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ompenaclid inhibits phosphocreatine uptake by SLC6a8, thereby reducing intracellular levels of phosphocreatine available for ATP synthesis in tumor cells. SLC6a8 is overexpressed in some cancer types and inhibition of its activity may potentially limit tumor cell growth and metastasis. SLC6A8 Inhibitor RGX-202 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C155773 Denfivontinib Hydrochloride The hydrochloride salt form of denfivontinib, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of both wild type and mutant forms of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, denfivontinib binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3, including FLT3-ITD (internal tandem duplications), FLT3-D835Y as well as other mutants. This inhibits uncontrolled FLT3 signaling and results in the inhibition of proliferation in tumor cells overexpressing FLT3. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias, and plays a key role in tumor cell proliferation. In addition, denfivontinib also inhibits, to a lesser degree, the receptor tyrosine kinases AXL (UFO), Mer, Ret, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1), Fms, fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) 1 and 3, and the serine/threonine kinases Aurora B and C. FLT3 Inhibitor SKI-G-801 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C155850 Vociprotafib An orally bioavailable inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) non-receptor type 11 (SHP2; Src homology region 2 domain phosphatase; PTPN11), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, vociprotafib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of SHP2. This prevents SHP2-mediated signaling, inhibits MAPK signaling and prevents growth of SHP2-expressing tumor cells. SHP2, an oncoprotein overexpressed in a variety of cancer cell types, regulates cell survival, differentiation and proliferation through activation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway. The RAS-MAPK pathway is often hyperactivated in cancer cells due to specific mutations and rearrangements and are dependent on SHP2 for their oncogenic signaling. SHP2 also regulates programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)-mediated signal transduction and is involved in immune checkpoint modulation. SHP2 Inhibitor RMC-4630 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C156464 Succinate Dehydrogenase-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma A very rare renal cell carcinoma that usually affects young adults. It is characterized by mutations in one of the four subunits of the SDH complex (SDHA, SDHB, SDHC, or SDHD gene). Most frequently, the mutations occur in the SDHB subunit. It has a relatively good prognosis. Succinate Dehydrogenase-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma | risk_factor C17103 risk_factor C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C156735 Taragarestrant An orally available, nonsteroidal selective estrogen receptor degrader/downregulator (SERD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, taragarestrant specifically targets and binds to the estrogen receptor (ER) and induces a conformational change that promotes ER degradation. This prevents ER-mediated signaling and inhibits both the growth and survival of ER-expressing cancer cells. SERD D-0502 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C157127 Tuparstobart A Fc-engineered immunoglobulin G1-kappa (IgG1k) monoclonal antibody targeting the co-inhibitory receptor lymphocyte-activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, tuparstobart targets and binds to human LAG-3 on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and blocks the interaction between LAG-3 and major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and tumor cells. This prevents the negative regulation of T-cell activity that occurs via LAG-3-MHC II binding and enhances a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells, which leads to a reduction in tumor growth. LAG-3, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), negatively regulates both proliferation and activation of T-cells. Its expression on TILs is associated with tumor-mediated immune suppression. Anti-LAG-3 Monoclonal Antibody INCAGN02385 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C159500 Misetionamide An oxathiazine-based structural analogue of taurultam (TRLT), which is the main derivative of the anti-infective agent taurolidine (TRD), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration,misetionamide selectively induces reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis in and inhibits proliferation of susceptible tumor cells. Taurultam Analogue GP-2250 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C160192 Tezemlimogene Daxadenorepvec A selectively replication competent oncolytic adenovirus that is engineered to express OX40 ligand (OX40L) with potential oncolytic and immunostimulatory activities. Upon administration, tezemlimogene daxadenorepvec, which contains an integrin binding RGD-4C motif, infects tumor cells in a Coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor-independent manner and selectively replicates in tumor cells that are defective in retinoblastoma gene (Rb) or cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-2A (p16). Tumor cell selectivity is achieved through a 24-base pair deletion in the E1A gene, which renders the oncolytic adenovirus unable to replicate in normal cells that maintain a functional Rb pathway, but fully replication competent in Rb/p16 defective tumor cells. Active replication of the OX40L-expressing oncolytic adenovirus within tumor cells may induce oncolysis and release of OX40L. OX40L may then bind to and activate signaling pathways downstream of its cognate receptor, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 4 (TNFRSF4; OX40), which is expressed on activated T-cells. OX40L/OX40 binding promotes increased cytokine production, which can induce proliferation of memory and effector T-lymphocytes and promote the killing of nearby tumor cells. OX40L, a cell surface glycoprotein and member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family, provides a co-stimulatory signal for the proliferation and survival of activated T-cells. The Rb gene product and p16 are negative regulators of the cell cycle and are defective in certain tumor types. OX40L-expressing Oncolytic Adenovirus DNX-2440 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C161598 Zanzalintinib An orally bioavailable inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-Met; HGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), AXL and MER, with potential anti-angiogenesis and antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, zanzalintinib targets and binds to c-Met, VEGFR2, AXL and MER, and prevents their RTK activity. This blocks c-Met/VEGFR2/AXL/MER-mediated signal transduction pathways, and inhibits the proliferation and migration of c-Met-, VEGFR2-, AXL- and MER-overexpressing tumor cells. c-Met, overexpressed in many tumor cell types, plays a critical role in tumor formation, proliferation, invasion and metastasis, and contributes to tumor resistance. VEGFR2, overexpressed in certain tumor types, plays an essential role in angiogenesis and the proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells. AXL and MER, both members of the TAM (Tyro3, Axl and Mer) family of RTKs, are overexpressed by many tumor cell types. They play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis, and their expression is associated with enhanced immunosuppression, drug resistance and poor prognosis. Multi-kinase Inhibitor XL092 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C164668 Anti-BCMA/Anti-CD3 T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody ABBV-383 A T-cell engaging, human, bispecific, immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody (T-BsAb) directed against the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17) and CD3 antigen found on T-lymphocytes, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, anti-BCMA/anti-CD3 T-cell engaging bispecific antibody ABBV-383 binds to both CD3 on cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) and BCMA found on BCMA-expressing tumor cells. This activates and redirects CTLs to BCMA-expressing tumor cells, which results in the CTL-mediated cell death of BCMA-expressing tumor cells. BCMA, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specifically overexpressed on malignant plasma cells, plays a key role in promoting plasma cell survival. Binding to low-activating CD3 preferentially activates effector over regulatory T-cells and stimulates minimum cytokine release. Anti-alpha BCMA/Anti-alpha CD3 T-cell Engaging Bispecific Antibody TNB-383B | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C165254 Tuspetinib A selective, reversible type I inhibitor of FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3; CD135; STK1; FLK2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, tuspetinib reversibly binds to and inhibits the activity of FLT3. This inhibits the proliferation of FLT3-expressing cancer cells. FLT3, a class III receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), is overexpressed or mutated in most B-lineage neoplasms and in acute myeloid leukemias. FLT3 Inhibitor HM43239 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C165420 Vepdegestrant An orally available hetero-bifunctional molecule and selective estrogen receptor (ER) alpha-targeted protein degrader, using the proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology, with potential antineoplastic activity. Vepdegestrant is composed of an ER alpha ligand attached to an E3 ligase recognition moiety. Upon oral administration,vepdegestrant targets and binds to the ER ligand binding domain on ER alpha. E3 ligase is recruited to the ER by the E3 ligase recognition moiety and ER alpha is tagged by ubiquitin. This causes ubiquitination and degradation of ER alpha by the proteasome. This decreases ER alpha protein levels, decreases the expression of ER alpha-target genes and halts ER-mediated signaling. This results in an inhibition of proliferation in ER alpha-overexpressing tumor cells. In addition, the degradation of the ER alpha protein releases the ARV-471 and can bind to additional ER alpha target proteins. ER alpha is overexpressed in a variety of cancers and plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation. ER alpha Proteolysis-targeting Chimera Protein Degrader ARV-471 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C166137 Zeripatamig A bispecific monoclonal antibody composed of two single-chain variable fragments (scFv), one directed against the B-cell-specific membrane protein CD19, and another that is directed against the human cell surface antigen CD47, with potential immunostimulating, phagocytosis-inducing and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of zeripatamig, the anti-CD19 moiety selectively targets and binds to CD19 on CD19-positive B-cells, thereby improving binding of the anti-CD47 moiety to the CD19+ malignant B-cells. The CD47 binding by TG-1801 blocks the interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPalpha), an inhibitory protein expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), which prevents CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated signaling and abrogates the CD47/SIRPalpha-mediated inhibition of phagocytosis. This induces pro-phagocytic signaling mediated by the binding of calreticulin (CRT), which is specifically expressed on the surface of tumor cells, to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein (LRP), expressed on macrophages, which results in macrophage activation and the specific phagocytosis of the CD19/CD47-expressing tumor cells. Additionally, blocking CD47 signaling activates an anti-tumor T-lymphocyte immune response and T-cell-mediated killing of CD19/CD47-expressing tumor cells. In addition, zeripatamig induces an anti-tumor activity through the induction of antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). CD47, also called integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), widely expressed on normal, healthy cells, such as red blood cells and platelets, and overexpressed on the surface of a variety of cancer cells. Expression of CD47, and its interaction with SIRPalpha, leads to the inhibition of macrophage activation and protects cancer cells from phagocytosis, which allows cancer cells to proliferate. CD19 is a membrane antigen that is widely expressed during B-cell development and in B-cell malignancies. By co-targeting CD47 and CD19, zeripatamig has the potential to overcome the limitations of existing CD47-targeted therapies by possibly avoiding the side effects caused by binding to CD47 on healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) which causes unwanted macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. Anti-CD47/CD19 Bispecific Monoclonal Antibody TG-1801 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C167207 Partially Engineered T-regulatory Cell Donor Graft TRGFT-201 A T-regulatory (Treg) cell donor graft that has been partially engineered by depleting all the T-cells and then enriching the graft with infusions of conventional T-cells, Tregs and CD34+ stem cells derived from peripheral blood from either related or unrelated matched donors, with potential immunomodulating activity. Upon administration of the partially engineered T-regulatory cell donor graft TRGFT-201 following myeloablation, the allograft may induce tolerance in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) as treatment for hematologic malignancies. Partially Engineered T-regulatory Cell Donor Graft TRGFT-201 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C170918 Zifcasiran An RNA interference (RNAi) targeting hypoxia-inducible factor 2alpha (HIF-2a), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, zifcasiran binds to and neutralizes mRNA HIF2a, thereby preventing the production of HIF2a. This may lead to an inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. HIF2a, overexpressed in certain cell types, plays a key role in proliferation, progression and metastasis of tumors. HIF2a RNAi ARO-HIF2 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C171067 Tuvusertib An orally available inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, tuvusertib selectively inhibits ATR activity and blocks the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1). This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, which results in the inhibition of DNA damage checkpoint activation, the disruption of DNA damage repair, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. ATR, a serine/threonine protein kinase upregulated in a variety of cancer cell types, plays a key role in DNA repair, cell cycle progression and survival. It is activated by DNA damage caused during DNA replication-associated stress. ATR Kinase Inhibitor M1774 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C171450 Perenostobart A fully human monoclonal antibody directed against the cell surface receptor CD39 (cluster of differentiation 39; ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1; NTPDase1; ENTPD1), with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, perenostobart specifically binds to the CD39 antigen, thereby preventing the conversion and degradation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to adenosine monophosphate (AMP). This leads to an increase in the extracellular levels of immunogenic ATP and a decrease in the levels of immunosuppressive adenosine within the tumor microenvironment (TME). A high level of ATP increases pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and promotes both T-cell proliferation and the stimulation of dendritic and other myeloid-derived cells that are necessary for innate and adaptive immunity. CD39, a cell surface ectonucleosidase, is upregulated on tumor cells as an immune evasion strategy. Blocking its action may improve anti-tumor immune responses. Anti-CD39 Monoclonal Antibody SRF617 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C171541 Exlinkibart A humanized agonistic monoclonal antibody targeting the costimulatory receptor CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, exlinkibart targets and binds to CD137, thereby activating CD137 expressed on avariety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells. This enhances CD137-mediated signaling, induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) proliferation, cytokine production and promotes a CTL-mediated anti-tumor immune response as well as induces NK-mediated tumor cell killing and suppresses the immunosuppressive activity of T-regulatory cells (Tregs). CD137, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity. Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody LVGN6051 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C172388 Trastuzumab Imbotolimod An immune stimulating antibody conjugate (ISAC) consisting of trastuzumab, an anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) monoclonal antibody, conjugated to a Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 dual agonist, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration of trastuzumab imbotolimod, the trastuzumab moiety targets and binds to HER2 expressed on tumor cells and, simultaneously, the TLR 7/8 dual agonist moiety targets, binds to and activates TLR7/8 expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), specifically dendritic cells (DCs), in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The trastuzumab binding to the tumor cells causes the engulfment of the trastuzumab imbotolimod-bound tumor cells by tumor-associated myeloid (TAM) cells and the TAMs travel to the lymph nodes. The DCs activated by the TLR7/8 agonist causes the activation of TLR7/8-mediated pathways, and stimulates the maturation and activation of DCs, thereby re-activating the immune system against the tumor cells. Activation of DCs results in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)- and B-lymphocyte-mediated immune responses against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), which lead to tumor cell lysis. TLR7 and 8, members of the TLR family, play fundamental roles in the activation of the innate immune system, myeloid cell responses and tumor antigen presentation. HER2 is overexpressed by a variety of tumor cell types. Trastuzumab-TLR 7/8 Agonist BDC-1001 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C172741 Motacabtagene Lurevgedleucel A preparation of human allogeneic T-lymphocytes gene-edited with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 nuclease complex to disrupt expression of endogenous TCR and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) specific for the tumor-associated antigen (TAA) human B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 17; TNFRSF17), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon introduction into the patient, motacabtagene lurevgedleucel recognize and bind to BCMA-overexpressing tumor cells. This may result in a specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated killing of BCMA-positive tumor cells. BCMA, a receptor for proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) and B-cell activating factor (BAFF), is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily (TNFRSF) and plays a key role in plasma cell survival. BCMA is found on the surfaces of plasma cells and overexpressed on malignant plasma cells. The disruption of endogenous TCR prevents graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). The disruption of MHC class I molecules increases the persistence of the CAR T-cells. Allogeneic CRISPR-Cas9 Engineered Anti-BCMA T Cells CTX120 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C173430 Unecritinib An orally available, small molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinases anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), C-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) and Met (hepatocyte growth factor receptor; HGFR; c-Met), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration,unecritinib targets, binds to and inhibits the activity of ALK, ROS1 and c-Met, which leads to the disruption of ALK-, ROS1- and c-Met-mediated signaling and the inhibition of cell growth in ALK-, ROS1- and c-Met-expressing tumor cells. ALK, ROS1 and c-Met, overexpressed or mutated in many tumor cell types, play key roles in tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion and metastasis. ALK/ROS1/Met Inhibitor TQ-B3101 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C173443 Dengue Virus Adjuvant PV-001-DV 45AZ5, with potential immunostimulating activity. Upon administration of dengue virus adjuvant PV-001-DV, the virus may activate both the innate and adaptive immune system. Dengue Virus Adjuvant PV-001-DV | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C173539 Tobemstomig A bispecific antibody directed against the human negative immunoregulatory checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1; PD1; PDCD1; CD279; Programmed Death 1) and lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein (LAG-3; LAG3; CD223), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, tobemstomig targets and binds to both PD-1 and LAG-3 expressed on T-cells and inhibits the PD-1- and LAG-3-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation and proliferation. This may lead to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells. PD-1 and LAG-3 play key roles in suppressing T-cell activation and proliferation. Anti-PD-1/Anti-LAG-3 Bispecific Antibody RO7247669 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C173540 Porustobart A recombinant human heavy chain only antibody (HCAb) directed against the human T-cell-expressed receptor cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4;CTLA4), with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, porustobart targets and binds to CTLA-4 expressed on T-cells, and inhibits the CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. This leads to a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. In addition, porustobart induces an antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC). CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF), plays a key role in the downregulation of the immune system. Porustobart, being a HCAb, is smaller than conventional antibodies which may allow for increased tissue penetration. Anti-CTLA-4 Monoclonal Antibody HBM4003 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C173548 Evunzekibart A humanized agonistic immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody targeting the costimulatory receptor CD137 (4-1BB; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; TNFRSF9), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, evunzekibart targets and binds to CD137 expressed on a variety of leukocyte subsets including activated T-lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, and CD137 is activated upon crosslinking to Fc-gamma receptors (FcgRs) on macrophages. This enhances CD137-mediated signaling, induces cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) proliferation, cytokine production and promotes a CTL-mediated anti-tumor immune response as well as induces NK-mediated tumor cell killing and suppresses the immunosuppressive activity of T-regulatory cells (Tregs). CD137, a surface glycoprotein of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is an inducible costimulatory receptor that plays a key role in T-cell proliferation, survival and cytolytic activity. 4-1BB and FcgRs are both highly expressed in the tumor environment (TME) while their co-expression in non-tumor tissues is low. This may prevent systemic adverse effects. Anti-CD137 Agonistic Monoclonal Antibody ATOR-1017 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C173598 Linavonkibart A monoclonal antibody directed against latent human transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 (TGFb1; TGF-b1), with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, linavonkibart specifically targets, binds to, and inhibits the activation of latent TGFb1 complexes, thereby preventing TGFb1-mediated signaling. This abrogates TGFb1-mediated immunosuppression, enhances anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and promotes a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against tumor cells leading to tumor cell death. This may lead to a reduction in TGFb1-dependent proliferation of cancer cells. The TGF-beta signaling pathway is often deregulated in tumors and plays a key role in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, motility, invasion, and angiogenesis. It plays a key role in immunosuppression in the TME. TGFb1 is the predominant isoform in many tumors. Anti-latent TGF-beta 1 Monoclonal Antibody SRK-181 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C173891 Dargistotug An inhibitor of T-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) domains (TIGIT), a co-inhibitory molecule and immune checkpoint inhibitor, with potential immune checkpoint inhibitory and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, dargistotug targets and binds to TIGIT expressed on various immune cells, particularly on tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes (TILs), thereby preventing the interaction of TIGIT with its ligands CD112 (nectin-2; poliovirus receptor related-2; PRR2; PVRL2) and CD155 (poliovirus receptor; PVR; nectin-like protein 5; NECL-5). This enhances the interaction of CD112 and CD155 with the costimulatory receptor CD226 (DNAX Accessory molecule-1; DNAM-1), which is expressed on immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T-cells. This leads to CD226 dimerization and CD226-mediated signaling and activates the immune system to exert a T-cell-mediated immune response against cancer cells. TIGIT, a member of the Ig super family (IgSF) and an immune inhibitory receptor, plays a key role in the suppression of T-cell proliferation and activation; it is involved in tumor cell immune evasion, and the inhibition of antiviral immune responses. TIGIT Inhibitor M6223 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C173995 Divarasib An orally available inhibitor of the oncogenic KRAS substitution mutation, G12C, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, divarasib selectively targets the KRAS G12C mutant and inhibits KRAS G12C mutant-dependent signaling. KRAS, a member of the RAS family of oncogenes, serves an important role in cell signaling, division and differentiation. Mutations of KRAS may induce constitutive signal transduction leading to tumor cell growth, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. KRAS G12C Inhibitor GDC-6036 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C33542 Human Chromosome 23 The X or Y chromosome in human beings that determines the sex of an individual. Females have two X chromosomes in diploid cells; males have an X and a Y chromosome. The sex chromosomes comprise the 23rd chromosome pair in a human karyotype. chr23 | chromosome C13202 chromosome C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C35837 Sialoblastoma A rare, congenital or perinatal, aggressive and potentially low-grade malignant basaloid neoplasm that occurs in the major salivary glands. It typically presents as a mass over the angle of the mandible. Most involve the parotid gland. 8974/1 | morphology || Sialoblastoma | primary_diagnosis C176985 || C177621 morphology || primary_diagnosis C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C3718 WAGR Syndrome A very rare congenital condition involving the complex of Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary abnormalities, and mental retardation. Wilms Tumor-Aniridia-Genitourinary Anomalies-Mental Retardation (WAGR) syndrome involves deletions of several adjacent genes in chromosome region 11p13. Two or more of the four conditions must be present for an individual to be diagnosed with WAGR Syndrome. The clinical picture varies, depending upon the combination of abnormalities. Wagr Syndrome | comorbidity || Wagr Syndrome | risk_factor C16457 || C17103 comorbidity || risk_factor C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C3728 Hepatoblastoma A malignant embryonal neoplasm that arises from the liver. It occurs almost exclusively in infants, although isolated cases in older children and adults have been reported. Microscopically, it consists of either epithelial or epithelial and mesenchymal components. 8970/3 | morphology || Embryonal hepatoma | primary_diagnosis || Hepatoblastoma | primary_diagnosis C176985 || C177621 morphology || primary_diagnosis C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C45747 Adult Cardiac Cellular Rhabdomyoma A rare cardiac rhabdomyoma occurring in adults. It is characterized by the presence of neoplastic striated muscle cells with eosinophilic granular cytoplasm and increased cellularity. 8904/0 | morphology C176985 morphology C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C7097 Mixed Epithelial and Mesenchymal Hepatoblastoma A subtype of hepatoblastoma characterized by the presence of epithelial and mesenchymal components. 8970/3 | morphology || Hepatoblastoma, mixed epithelial-mesenchymal | primary_diagnosis C176985 || C177621 morphology || primary_diagnosis C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C7708 Childhood Malignant Liver Neoplasm A malignant neoplasm that affects the liver and occurs during childhood. Pediatric Liver Cancer | relationship_primary_diagnosis C178243 relationship_primary_diagnosis C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C78463 Odetiglucan An injectable formulation of the polysaccharide beta-1,3/1,6 glucan derived from the cell wall of a strain from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) molecule, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon administration, odetiglucan binds to innate immune effector cells through complement receptor 3 (CR3) and Fc gamma receptor IIA (FcgammaIIA; CD32A), thereby activating innate immune cells and enabling direct killing of tumor cells. In addition, odetiglucan repolarizes the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), shifts the suppressive M2-state macrophages to a more M1 pro-inflammatory state, activates the maturation of antigen presenting cells (APCs), enables CD4 and CD8 T-cell expansion, and increases production of certain anti-tumor cytokines, such as interferon gamma (IFNg). Altogether, this induces and enhances anti-tumor immune responses. PGG Beta-Glucan | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C79843 Bizaxofusp A fusion protein consisting of the cytokine interleukin-4 (IL-4) linked to a truncated form of Pseudomonas exotoxin with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon specific, high-affinity binding to IL-4 receptors located on the tumor cell surface., bizaxofusp is internalized; the exotoxin moiety then binds to translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), which may result in ADP ribosylation, deactivation of EF-2, inhibition of protein synthesis, and tumor cell apoptosis. The Pseudomonas exotoxin moiety of this agent has been engineered to reduce non-specific binding to cells expressing its receptor, the multiligand cell surface receptor alpha 2-macroglobulin receptor/low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (alpha 2MR/LRP). IL-4R is a type I transmembrane protein that binds IL-4 and IL-13 and may be overexpressed by cancers such as renal cell carcinoma and glioma. IL4-Pseudomonas Exotoxin Fusion Protein MDNA55 | therapeutic_agents C1909 therapeutic_agents C C177537 GDC Value Terminology C96830 Calcifying Nested Stromal-Epithelial Tumor A rare malignant tumor that arises from the liver and occurs in children. It is characterized by the presence of nested epithelioid and spindle cells. Desmoplasia, calcifications, and bone formation may also be present. 8975/1 | morphology || Calcifying nested epithelial stromal tumor | primary_diagnosis C176985 || C177621 morphology || primary_diagnosis